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1. Reduce the bases modulo 7
First, divide the base numbers by 7 to find their remainders:
$$2021 = 7 \times 288 + 5 \implies 2021 \equiv 5 \equiv -2 \pmod 7$$
$$2022 = 7 \times 288 + 6 \implies 2022 \equiv 6 \equiv -1 \pmod 7$$
2. Evaluate the first term
Substitute the reduced base into the first term:
$$(2021)^{2022} \equiv (-2)^{2022} \pmod 7$$
Since the exponent is even, the negative sign disappears:
$$(-2)^{2022} = 2^{2022}$$
By Fermat's Little Theorem, since 7 is a prime number:
$$2^6 \equiv 1 \pmod 7$$
Now, divide the exponent 2022 by 6:
$$2022 = 6 \times 337 + 0$$
Therefore:
$$2^{2022} = (2^6)^{337} \equiv 1^{337} \equiv 1 \pmod 7$$
3. Evaluate the second term
Substitute the reduced base into the second term:
$$(2022)^{2021} \equiv (-1)^{2021} \pmod 7$$
Since the exponent 2021 is an odd number, any negative base raised to an odd power remains negative:
$$(-1)^{2021} = -1 \equiv 6 \pmod 7$$
4. Combine the results
Add the two evaluated remainders together:
$$(2021)^{2022} + (2022)^{2021} \equiv 1 + (-1) \pmod 7$$
$$1 - 1 = 0$$
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