Given below are two statements:
Statement - I: High concentration of strong nucleophilic reagent with secondary alkyl halides which do not have bulky substituents will follow $$S_N2$$ mechanism.
Statement - II: A secondary alkyl halide when treated with a large excess of ethanol follows $$S_N1$$ mechanism.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate from the options given below:

We need to evaluate both statements about nucleophilic substitution mechanisms with secondary alkyl halides.

Background - Key factors determining S$$_N$$1 vs S$$_N$$2 mechanism:

1. S$$_N$$2 mechanism is favored by: strong nucleophile, high nucleophile concentration, polar aprotic solvent, primary or secondary substrate without bulky groups.

2. S$$_N$$1 mechanism is favored by: weak nucleophile, polar protic solvent, stable carbocation (tertiary > secondary), and the rate depends only on the substrate concentration.

Analysis of Statement I:

"High concentration of strong nucleophilic reagent with secondary alkyl halides which do not have bulky substituents will follow S$$_N$$2 mechanism."

In S$$_N$$2, the rate law is: $$\text{Rate} = k[\text{substrate}][\text{nucleophile}]$$. A high concentration of a strong nucleophile increases the rate of the S$$_N$$2 pathway. Secondary alkyl halides can undergo both S$$_N$$1 and S$$_N$$2, but with a strong nucleophile at high concentration and no steric hindrance (no bulky substituents), the S$$_N$$2 pathway dominates because the nucleophile can effectively attack the electrophilic carbon via backside attack.

Therefore, Statement I is TRUE.

Analysis of Statement II:

"A secondary alkyl halide when treated with a large excess of ethanol follows S$$_N$$1 mechanism."

Ethanol ($$C_2H_5OH$$) is a weak nucleophile and a polar protic solvent. In S$$_N$$1, the rate-determining step is the formation of the carbocation: $$R\text{-}X \rightarrow R^+ + X^-$$. A polar protic solvent like ethanol stabilizes both the carbocation intermediate and the leaving group through solvation. Since ethanol is a weak nucleophile (it does not strongly drive S$$_N$$2), and it acts as a polar protic solvent that stabilizes the carbocation, the reaction follows the S$$_N$$1 pathway. The large excess of ethanol means it acts primarily as the solvent rather than as a concentrated nucleophile driving a bimolecular mechanism.

Therefore, Statement II is TRUE.

Since both statements are true, the correct answer is Option (4): Both Statement I and Statement II are true.