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Question 45

Given below are two statements:
Statement I: On heating with $$KHSO_4$$, glycerol is dehydrated and acrolein is formed.
Statement II: Acrolein has fruity odour and can be used to test glycerol's presence.
Choose the correct option.

We need to evaluate both statements about glycerol and acrolein.

In Statement I, when glycerol is heated with $$KHSO_4$$ (a dehydrating agent), it undergoes dehydration to form acrolein (propenal, $$CH_2=CH-CHO$$):

$$CH_2(OH)-CH(OH)-CH_2(OH) \xrightarrow{KHSO_4, \Delta} CH_2=CH-CHO + 2H_2O$$

This is the well-known acrolein test for glycerol, so Statement I is correct.

Acrolein ($$CH_2=CH-CHO$$) has a pungent, acrid, irritating smell, not a fruity odour. It is a strong-smelling compound that causes irritation to eyes and mucous membranes, and this characteristic pungent smell is used to test for the presence of glycerol.

Statement II is incorrect because acrolein does not have a fruity odour; it has a pungent odour.

Hence, the correct answer is Option C.

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