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A plane electromagnetic wave with a frequency of 30 MHz travels in free space. At a particular point in space and time, the electric field is 6 V m$$^{-1}$$. The magnetic field at this point will be $$x \times 10^{-8}$$ T. The value of $$x$$ is _________.
Correct Answer: 2
We have a plane electromagnetic wave propagating in free space. In such a wave, the electric field $$\mathbf E$$ and magnetic field $$\mathbf B$$ are always related by the fundamental relation for free space
$$E = c\,B,$$
where $$E$$ is the instantaneous (or peak) value of the electric field, $$B$$ is the corresponding value of the magnetic field, and $$c$$ is the speed of light in vacuum. The universally accepted value of the speed of light is
$$c = 3 \times 10^{8}\ \text{m s}^{-1}.$$
At the given point, the electric field is reported as
$$E = 6\ \text{V m}^{-1}.$$
Substituting this value and the value of $$c$$ into the relation $$E = c\,B$$, we can solve for the magnetic field $$B$$:
$$B = \dfrac{E}{c}.$$
Now inserting the numerical values, we get
$$B = \dfrac{6\ \text{V m}^{-1}}{3 \times 10^{8}\ \text{m s}^{-1}}.$$
Performing the division step by step:
First divide the numeric coefficients: $$6 \div 3 = 2.$$
Next, divide the powers of ten: $$10^{0} \div 10^{8} = 10^{-8}.$$
Putting these together, we obtain
$$B = 2 \times 10^{-8}\ \text{T}.$$
The problem statement expresses the magnetic field in the form $$x \times 10^{-8}\ \text{T}$$, so by direct comparison we identify
$$x = 2.$$
So, the answer is $$2$$.
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