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Question 13

Three voltmeters, all having different internal resistances are joined as shown in figure. When some potential difference is applied across A and B, their readings are $$V_1$$, $$V_2$$ and $$V_3$$. Choose the correct option.

Solution

Treat each voltmeter as a resistor (since a voltmeter has very high but finite resistance).

Between A and B there are two parallel branches:

• top branch: V₁ and V₂ in series
• bottom branch: V₃ alone

step 1: voltage across branches

Both branches are connected across the same points A and B ⇒ same total voltage across each branch.

So:

V₁ + V₂ = V₃

step 2: conclusion

$$V_3=V_1+V_2$$

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