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Aright circular cylinder of maximum possible size is cut out from a solid wooden cube. The remaining material of the cube is what percentage of the original cube? (Take $$\pi$$= 3.14)
let side of cube x unit.
if size of cylinder is max, height(h) and diameter(d) of cylinder will be x unit,
radius,r=d/2
$$\rightarrow$$r=x/2
volume of cylinder$$={\pi r^2h}$$
$$=\pi (\dfrac{x}{2})^2x$$
$$=\pi \dfrac{x^3}{4}unit^3$$
volume of remaining material of cube=original volume of cube - volume of cylinder
$$ =x^3-\pi \dfrac{x^3}{4}$$
$$=x^3(1-\dfrac{\pi}{4})unit^3$$
required percentage $$=\dfrac{volume of remaining material\times100}{original volume of cube} $$
$$\rightarrow={\dfrac {x^3(1-\pi/4)}{x^3}}100$$
$$\rightarrow=(1-\dfrac{\pi}{4})\times100$$
$$\rightarrow=(1-\dfrac{3.14}{4})\times100$$
$$\rightarrow=100-\dfrac{314}{4}$$
$$\rightarrow=\dfrac{400-314}{4}$$
$$\rightarrow=\dfrac{86}{4}$$
$$\rightarrow=21.5$$
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