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Question 90

Suppose the line $$\frac{x-2}{\alpha} = \frac{y-2}{-5} = \frac{z+2}{2}$$ lies on the plane $$x + 3y - 2z + \beta = 0$$. Then $$(\alpha + \beta)$$ is equal to _________.


Correct Answer: 7

We have the line given in symmetric form as $$\frac{x-2}{\alpha}= \frac{y-2}{-5}= \frac{z+2}{2}$$.

To convert this into parametric form, we introduce a parameter, say $$t$$, and write

$$\frac{x-2}{\alpha}=t,\qquad \frac{y-2}{-5}=t,\qquad \frac{z+2}{2}=t.$$

So,

$$x-2=\alpha t\;\Longrightarrow\;x=2+\alpha t,$$

$$y-2=-5t\;\Longrightarrow\;y=2-5t,$$

$$z+2=2t\;\Longrightarrow\;z=-2+2t.$$

From these expressions it is clear that

• one point on the line (obtained by taking $$t=0$$) is $$P(2,\,2,\,-2),$$ and

• the direction vector of the line is $$\vec d=\langle\alpha,\,-5,\,2\rangle.$$

The plane is given by $$x+3y-2z+\beta=0.$$

For a plane written as $$Ax+By+Cz+D=0,$$ the normal vector is $$\vec n=\langle A,\,B,\,C\rangle.$$

Thus, for our plane, the normal vector is $$\vec n=\langle1,\,3,\,-2\rangle.$$

Since the entire line lies on the plane, two conditions must hold:

(i) The direction vector $$\vec d$$ is perpendicular to the normal vector $$\vec n,$$ so their dot-product is zero.

(ii) At least one specific point of the line (for instance the point $$P$$ we already have) must satisfy the plane’s equation.

We first use condition (i).

The dot-product formula is $$\vec n\cdot\vec d = n_xd_x+n_yd_y+n_zd_z.$$ Substituting $$\vec n=\langle1,3,-2\rangle$$ and $$\vec d=\langle\alpha,-5,2\rangle,$$ we get

$$\vec n\cdot\vec d = 1\cdot\alpha + 3\cdot(-5) + (-2)\cdot2.$$

Evaluating each product,

$$1\cdot\alpha = \alpha,$$

$$3\cdot(-5) = -15,$$

$$(-2)\cdot2 = -4.$$

Adding these three numbers,

$$\vec n\cdot\vec d = \alpha - 15 - 4 = \alpha - 19.$$

Perpendicularity demands $$\vec n\cdot\vec d = 0,$$ hence

$$\alpha - 19 = 0.$$

So,

$$\alpha = 19.$$

Now we use condition (ii): the point $$P(2,\,2,\,-2)$$ must satisfy the plane equation $$x+3y-2z+\beta=0.$$ Substituting the coordinates of $$P$$ gives

$$2 + 3(2) - 2(-2) + \beta = 0.$$

Compute each term step by step:

$$3(2)=6,$$

$$-2(-2)=+4.$$

Adding them inside the left side,

$$2 + 6 + 4 + \beta = 0.$$

That simplifies to

$$12 + \beta = 0.$$

Therefore,

$$\beta = -12.$$

We are asked to find $$(\alpha+\beta).$$ Substituting $$\alpha=19$$ and $$\beta=-12$$ gives

$$(\alpha+\beta)=19+(-12)=7.$$

Hence, the correct answer is Option 7.

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