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Question 81

Let 5 digit numbers be constructed using the digits 0, 2, 3, 4, 7, 9 with repetition allowed, and are arranged in ascending order with serial numbers. Then the serial number of the number 42923 is ______.


Correct Answer: 2997

5-digit numbers using digits {0, 2, 3, 4, 7, 9} with repetition, arranged in ascending order. Find the serial number of 42923.

The digits in order: 0, 2, 3, 4, 7, 9. (6 digits total)

Numbers starting with digits less than 4 (i.e., 2 or 3):

(Can't start with 0 for 5-digit number)

Starting with 2: remaining 4 digits each from {0,2,3,4,7,9} = $$6^4 = 1296$$

Starting with 3: $$6^4 = 1296$$

Total: $$2 \times 1296 = 2592$$

Numbers starting with 4, second digit less than 2:

Second digit = 0: $$6^3 = 216$$

Numbers starting with 42, third digit less than 9:

Third digit $$\in \{0, 2, 3, 4, 7\}$$: $$5 \times 6^2 = 5 \times 36 = 180$$

Numbers starting with 429, fourth digit less than 2:

Fourth digit = 0: $$6^1 = 6$$

Numbers starting with 4292, fifth digit less than 3:

Fifth digit $$\in \{0, 2\}$$: 2 numbers

Total numbers less than 42923:

$$2592 + 216 + 180 + 6 + 2 = 2996$$

Serial number of 42923 = $$2996 + 1 = 2997$$.

The answer is $$\boxed{2997}$$.

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