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Question 75

An arc $$PQ$$ of a circle subtends a right angle at its centre $$O$$. The mid point of the arc $$PQ$$ is $$R$$. If $$\overrightarrow{OP} = \vec{u}$$, $$\overrightarrow{OR} = \vec{v}$$ and $$\overrightarrow{OQ} = \alpha\vec{u} + \beta\vec{v}$$, then $$\alpha$$, $$\beta^2$$, are the roots of the equation

Let the circle have centre O and radius r. Arc PQ subtends a right angle at O, so $$\angle POQ = 90°$$.

R is the midpoint of arc PQ, so $$\angle POR = \angle ROQ = 45°$$.

Let $$\vec{u} = \overrightarrow{OP}$$, $$\vec{v} = \overrightarrow{OR}$$. Since $$|\vec{u}| = |\vec{v}| = r$$.

$$\vec{u} \cdot \vec{v} = r^2\cos 45° = \frac{r^2}{\sqrt{2}}$$

$$\overrightarrow{OQ} = \alpha\vec{u} + \beta\vec{v}$$. Also $$|\overrightarrow{OQ}| = r$$ and $$\angle QOR = 45°$$.

Taking dot product with $$\vec{u}$$: $$\overrightarrow{OQ} \cdot \vec{u} = r^2\cos 90° = 0$$

$$\alpha r^2 + \beta \frac{r^2}{\sqrt{2}} = 0$$, so $$\alpha + \frac{\beta}{\sqrt{2}} = 0$$, giving $$\alpha = -\frac{\beta}{\sqrt{2}}$$.

Taking dot product with $$\vec{v}$$: $$\overrightarrow{OQ} \cdot \vec{v} = r^2\cos 45° = \frac{r^2}{\sqrt{2}}$$

$$\alpha \frac{r^2}{\sqrt{2}} + \beta r^2 = \frac{r^2}{\sqrt{2}}$$

$$\frac{\alpha}{\sqrt{2}} + \beta = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$$

Substituting $$\alpha = -\beta/\sqrt{2}$$: $$-\beta/2 + \beta = 1/\sqrt{2}$$, so $$\beta/2 = 1/\sqrt{2}$$, $$\beta = \sqrt{2}$$.

$$\alpha = -\sqrt{2}/\sqrt{2} = -1$$.

$$\beta^2 = 2$$. The roots of the equation are $$\alpha = -1$$ and $$\beta^2 = 2$$.

Equation: $$(x+1)(x-2) = 0 \Rightarrow x^2 - x - 2 = 0$$

The correct answer is Option 2.

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