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Question 65

If for some n; $${}^{6}C_{m}+2^{6}C_{m+1}+{}^{6}C_{m+2}>{}^{8}C_{3}$$ and $$^{n-1}P_3 : ^nP_4 = 1:8$$, then $$^nP_{m+1} + ^{n+1}C_m$$ is equal to

First fix the symbol conventions.
Combinations : $${}^{n}C_{r} = \frac{n!}{r!(n-r)!}$$
Permutations : $$^{n}P_{r} = \frac{n!}{(n-r)!} = n(n-1)\dots (n-r+1)$$

Case 1 : Finding $$m$$ from the inequality

The given condition is
$${}^{6}C_{m} + 2\;{}^{6}C_{m+1} + {}^{6}C_{m+2} \gt {}^{8}C_{3}$$

Compute the right-hand side:
$${}^{8}C_{3} = \frac{8\cdot7\cdot6}{3\cdot2\cdot1}=56$$

The terms $${}^{6}C_{r}$$ are (for $$r=0$$ to $$6$$):
$$1,\;6,\;15,\;20,\;15,\;6,\;1$$

Because $$m+2 \le 6$$, the feasible values are $$m = 0,1,2,3,4$$. Evaluate the left-hand side for each:

$$\begin{aligned} m=0:&\;1 + 2(6) + 15 = 28\\ m=1:&\;6 + 2(15) + 20 = 56\\ m=2:&\;15 + 2(20) + 15 = 70\\ m=3:&\;20 + 2(15) + 6 = 56\\ m=4:&\;15 + 2(6) + 1 = 28 \end{aligned}$$

The inequality $$\gt56$$ is satisfied only for $$m = 2$$.

Case 2 : Finding $$n$$ from the permutation ratio

The second relation is
$$^{\,n-1}P_{3} : {}^{\,n}P_{4} = 1 : 8$$

Write both permutations explicitly:

$$^{\,n-1}P_{3} = (n-1)(n-2)(n-3)$$
$$^{\,n}P_{4} = n(n-1)(n-2)(n-3)$$

Therefore $$\frac{^{\,n-1}P_{3}}{^{\,n}P_{4}} = \frac{(n-1)(n-2)(n-3)}{n(n-1)(n-2)(n-3)} = \frac{1}{n}$$

Given that this ratio equals $$\frac{1}{8}$$, we get $$n = 8$$.

Case 3 : Evaluating $$^{\,n}P_{m+1} + {}^{\,n+1}C_{m}$$

With $$n = 8$$ and $$m = 2$$, we need $$^{\,8}P_{3} + {}^{\,9}C_{2}$$.

Compute each term:

$$^{\,8}P_{3} = 8\cdot7\cdot6 = 336$$
$${}^{\,9}C_{2} = \frac{9\cdot8}{2\cdot1} = 36$$

Add them:
$$336 + 36 = 372$$

Hence $$^{\,n}P_{m+1} + {}^{\,n+1}C_{m} = 372$$.

Option D is correct.

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