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Let $$A = \left\{\theta \in (0, 2\pi) : \frac{1 + 2i\sin\theta}{1 - i\sin\theta} \text{ is purely imaginary}\right\}$$. Then the sum of the elements in $$A$$ is
We need to find the set $$A = \left\{\theta \in (0, 2\pi) : \frac{1 + 2i\sin\theta}{1 - i\sin\theta} \text{ is purely imaginary}\right\}$$ and then compute the sum of its elements.
To simplify, rationalize the expression.
Multiply the numerator and denominator by the conjugate of the denominator:
$$\frac{1 + 2i\sin\theta}{1 - i\sin\theta} \times \frac{1 + i\sin\theta}{1 + i\sin\theta} = \frac{(1 + 2i\sin\theta)(1 + i\sin\theta)}{(1)^2 + (\sin\theta)^2}$$
Expanding the numerator.
$$= \frac{1 + i\sin\theta + 2i\sin\theta + 2i^2\sin^2\theta}{1 + \sin^2\theta}$$
$$= \frac{(1 - 2\sin^2\theta) + i(3\sin\theta)}{1 + \sin^2\theta}$$
Now apply the condition for purely imaginary.
For the expression to be purely imaginary, the real part must be zero and the imaginary part must be non-zero:
Real part = 0:
$$\frac{1 - 2\sin^2\theta}{1 + \sin^2\theta} = 0$$
$$1 - 2\sin^2\theta = 0$$
$$\sin^2\theta = \frac{1}{2}$$
$$\sin\theta = \pm\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$$
Imaginary part ≠ 0:
$$\frac{3\sin\theta}{1 + \sin^2\theta} \neq 0$$
This requires $$\sin\theta \neq 0$$, which is satisfied for all solutions above.
Now, find all values of $$\theta$$ in $$(0, 2\pi)$$.
From $$\sin\theta = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$$: $$\theta = \frac{\pi}{4}, \frac{3\pi}{4}$$
From $$\sin\theta = -\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$$: $$\theta = \frac{5\pi}{4}, \frac{7\pi}{4}$$
So $$A = \left\{\frac{\pi}{4}, \frac{3\pi}{4}, \frac{5\pi}{4}, \frac{7\pi}{4}\right\}$$
Now, compute the sum.
$$\frac{\pi}{4} + \frac{3\pi}{4} + \frac{5\pi}{4} + \frac{7\pi}{4} = \frac{16\pi}{4} = 4\pi$$
The sum of the elements in $$A$$ is $$4\pi$$, which corresponds to Option A.
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