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Question 56

Given below are two statements :
Statement I :
A homoleptic octahedral complex, formed using monodentate ligands, will not show stereoisomerism.
Statement II : cis- and trans-platin are heteroleptic complexes of Pd.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

In an octahedral complex, six ligand donor atoms occupy the corners of a regular octahedron around the central metal ion.

Case 1: Homoleptic octahedral complex with monodentate ligands
Homoleptic means all the six positions are occupied by identical ligands, say $$L$$, giving the general formula $$[M L_6]$$. Because every ligand and every metal-ligand bond is identical, there is only one possible spatial arrangement. Therefore such a complex cannot give rise to either geometrical (cis / trans) or optical isomerism. Hence Statement I is true.

Case 2: cis-platin and trans-platin
cis-platin and trans-platin have the formula $$[Pt(NH_3)_2Cl_2]$$. They contain two different kinds of monodentate ligands ( $$NH_3$$ and $$Cl^-$$ ), so they are heteroleptic complexes of platinum, not palladium. Since the statement assigns them to Pd, Statement II is false.

Combining the two results:
Statement I is true, Statement II is false ⇒ Option D.

Final answer: Option D.

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