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Question 54

The solubility of CdSO$$_4$$ in water is $$8.0 \times 10^{-4}$$ mol L$$^{-1}$$. Its solubility in 0.01 M H$$_2$$SO$$_4$$ solution is ___ $$\times 10^{-6}$$ mol L$$^{-1}$$ (Round off to the Nearest integer) (Assume that solubility is much less than 0.01 M)


Correct Answer: 64

$$\text{CdSO}_4$$ dissociates as $$\text{CdSO}_4 \rightleftharpoons \text{Cd}^{2+} + \text{SO}_4^{2-}$$. In pure water the solubility is $$s = 8.0 \times 10^{-4}$$ mol/L, so the solubility product is $$K_{sp} = s \times s = s^2 = (8.0 \times 10^{-4})^2 = 6.4 \times 10^{-7}$$.

In 0.01 M $$\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4$$ solution, the sulphate ion concentration from the acid is $$[\text{SO}_4^{2-}] = 0.01$$ M (since $$\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4$$ is a strong acid that fully dissociates). Let the solubility of $$\text{CdSO}_4$$ in this solution be $$s'$$. Since $$s' \ll 0.01$$ M (as given), the total sulphate concentration is approximately 0.01 M.

Applying the solubility product expression: $$K_{sp} = s' \times (0.01 + s') \approx s' \times 0.01$$. Therefore $$s' = \frac{K_{sp}}{0.01} = \frac{6.4 \times 10^{-7}}{10^{-2}} = 6.4 \times 10^{-5} = 64 \times 10^{-6}$$ mol/L.

The answer is $$64$$.

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