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Question 54

Consider the following gaseous equilibrimn in a closed container of volume 'V' at T(K).
$$P_{2}(g)+Q_{2}(g)\rightleftharpoons 2PQ(g)$$
2 moles each of $$P_{2}(g)$$, $$Q_{2}(g)$$ and PQ(g) are present at equilibrium. Now one mole each of'$$P_{2}$$' and '$$Q_{2}$$' are added to the equilibrium keeping the temperature at T(K). The number of moles of $$P_{2}$$, $$Q_{2}$$ and PQ at the new equilibrium, respectively, are

We need to find the new equilibrium moles after adding 1 mole each of P₂ and Q₂.

We first find the equilibrium constant for the reaction

$$P_2(g) + Q_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2PQ(g)$$

At equilibrium: [P₂] = 2/V, [Q₂] = 2/V, [PQ] = 2/V

$$K_c = \frac{[PQ]^2}{[P_2][Q_2]} = \frac{(2/V)^2}{(2/V)(2/V)} = 1$$

After adding 1 mol each of P₂ and Q₂, the initial moles are P₂ = 3, Q₂ = 3, PQ = 2.

Let x mol of P₂ react. Then at the new equilibrium, P₂ = 3-x, Q₂ = 3-x, PQ = 2+2x.

Using the equilibrium constant we have

$$K_c = \frac{(2+2x)^2/V^2}{((3-x)/V)((3-x)/V)} = \frac{(2+2x)^2}{(3-x)^2} = 1$$

This leads to

$$ (2+2x)^2 = (3-x)^2 $$

and hence

$$ 2+2x = \pm(3-x) $$

For the positive sign,

$$2+2x = 3-x \implies 3x = 1 \implies x = 1/3$$

The negative case gives $$2+2x = -(3-x) \implies 2+2x = -3+x \implies x = -5$$ which is rejected as unphysical.

Therefore, x = 1/3.

This means the new equilibrium amounts are

P₂ = 3 - 1/3 = 8/3 ≈ 2.67

Q₂ = 3 - 1/3 = 8/3 ≈ 2.67

PQ = 2 + 2/3 = 8/3 ≈ 2.67

Hence, the answer is Option 1: 2.67, 2.67, 2.67.

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