Join WhatsApp Icon JEE WhatsApp Group
Question 45

Given
E°$$_{Cl_{2}/Cl^{-}}$$ = 1.36 V, E°$$_{Cr^{3+}/Cr}$$ = -0.74 V
E°$$_{Cr_{2}O_{7}^{2-}/Cr^{3+}}$$ = 1.33 V, E°$$_{MnO_{4}^{-}/Mn^{2+}}$$ = 1.51 V
Among the following, the strongest reducing agent is:

We begin with the definition of standard reduction potential. For any redox couple written in the reduction direction, for example

$$X^{n+}+ne^- \rightarrow X$$

the listed value $$E^\circ_{X^{n+}/X}$$ is the reduction potential. If we wish to look at the reverse (oxidation) direction, we use the relation

$$E^\circ_{\text{oxidation}}=-\,E^\circ_{\text{reduction}}.$$

A species behaves as a reducing agent when it itself is oxidised, i.e. when the reverse reaction is favoured. The larger (more positive) the oxidation potential, the greater the reducing power. Equivalently, the smaller (more negative) the reduction potential, the greater the reducing power. So, in practice, we simply compare the given reduction potentials and pick the most negative one.

The data supplied are

$$E^\circ_{Cl_{2}/Cl^-}=+1.36\ \text{V},$$

$$E^\circ_{Cr^{3+}/Cr}=-0.74\ \text{V},$$

$$E^\circ_{Cr_{2}O_{7}^{2-}/Cr^{3+}}=+1.33\ \text{V},$$

$$E^\circ_{MnO_{4}^- /Mn^{2+}}=+1.51\ \text{V}.$$

Now we match every option with its relevant couple and note the corresponding reduction potential:

(A) $$Mn^{2+}$$ comes from the couple $$MnO_{4}^- /Mn^{2+}$$ with $$E^\circ=+1.51\ \text{V}.$$

(B) $$Cr^{3+}$$ is part of the couple $$Cr_{2}O_{7}^{2-}/Cr^{3+}$$ with $$E^\circ=+1.33\ \text{V}.$$

(C) $$Cl^-$$ belongs to the couple $$Cl_{2}/Cl^-$$ with $$E^\circ=+1.36\ \text{V}.$$

(D) $$Cr$$ is linked with the couple $$Cr^{3+}/Cr$$ whose reduction potential is $$E^\circ=-0.74\ \text{V}.$$

Among the four numbers  +1.51 V, +1.36 V, +1.33 V and -0.74 V, the smallest (most negative) value is $$-0.74\ \text{V}.$$

Because a more negative reduction potential means a more positive oxidation potential (by $$E^\circ_{\text{oxidation}}=-E^\circ_{\text{reduction}}$$), the couple with $$E^\circ=-0.74\ \text{V}$$ provides the strongest tendency for the reverse (oxidation) reaction. That reverse reaction is

$$Cr \rightarrow Cr^{3+}+3e^-,$$

showing that metallic chromium, $$Cr$$, donates electrons most readily. Therefore $$Cr$$ is the strongest reducing agent among the given choices.

Hence, the correct answer is Option 4.

Get AI Help

Create a FREE account and get:

  • Free JEE Mains Previous Papers PDF
  • Take JEE Mains paper tests

Free JEE Topicwise Questions

JEE Atomic StructureJEE Applications of DerivativesJEE Complex NumbersJEE Fluid MechanicsJEE Alcohols, Phenols & EthersJEE Basic Principles of Organic ChemistryJEE Trigonometric FunctionsJEE Three Dimensional GeometryJEE Electromagnetic WavesJEE Redox ReactionsJEE SolutionsJEE Laws of ThermodynamicsJEE Ray OpticsJEE Organic Compounds with HalogensJEE Chemical ThermodynamicsJEE Permutations & CombinationsJEE DeterminantsJEE EMF & Circuit AnalysisJEE Aldehydes & KetonesJEE Atoms & NucleiJEE Dual Nature of Matter & RadiationJEE Electric Charges & FieldsJEE Number SystemJEE Units & MeasurementsJEE Simple Harmonic MotionJEE ElasticityJEE Alternating CurrentsJEE Practical Organic ChemistryJEE Electromagnetic InductionJEE Rotational MotionJEE Hydrocarbons - AlkynesJEE CirclesJEE Kinematics - 1D MotionJEE Purification & CharacterisationJEE Nitrogen-Containing CompoundsJEE Magnetism & Magnetic MaterialsJEE Basic Concepts in ChemistryJEE Laboratory Experiments - XIJEE Periodic Table & PeriodicityJEE Coordination CompoundsJEE Inverse Trigonometric FunctionsJEE Kinetic Theory of GasesJEE Carboxylic AcidsJEE Hydrocarbons - AlkanesJEE d and f-Block ElementsJEE StatisticsJEE LimitsJEE Laws of MotionJEE Electronic DevicesJEE Continuity & DifferentiabilityJEE Sets, Relations & FunctionsJEE Work, Energy & PowerJEE Straight LinesJEE Surface TensionJEE Vector AlgebraJEE ElectrochemistryJEE Kinematics - 2D MotionJEE Chemical KineticsJEE Magnetic Effects of CurrentJEE Binomial TheoremJEE Definite IntegrationJEE ProbabilityJEE Sequences & SeriesJEE Hydrocarbons - AromaticJEE Chemical Bonding & Molecular StructureJEE Hydrocarbons - AlkenesJEE Quadratic EquationsJEE DifferentiationJEE GravitationJEE JEE 2D GeometryJEE p-Block Elements (Groups 13-18)JEE Wave OpticsJEE BiomoleculesJEE Heat TransferJEE Current & ResistanceJEE MatricesJEE Differential EquationsJEE EquilibriumJEE WavesJEE Indefinite IntegrationJEE Electric Potential & CapacitanceJEE Conic Sections
Ask AI