Join WhatsApp Icon JEE WhatsApp Group
Question 42

Consider all rectangles lying in the region

$$\left\{(x, y) \epsilon R \times R : 0 \leq x \leq \frac{\pi}{2} and 0 \leq y \leq 2\sin(2x)\right\}$$

and having one side on the $$x$$-axis. The area of the rectangle which has the maximum perimeter among all such rectangles, is

The region is bounded by the curve $$y = 2\sin 2x$$, the $$x$$-axis and the lines $$x = 0$$, $$x = \tfrac{\pi}{2}$$. Every admissible rectangle has its base on the $$x$$-axis, say from $$x = p$$ to $$x = q$$, with $$0 \le p \lt q \le \tfrac{\pi}{2}$$.

Let $$h = 2\min\{\sin 2p,\; \sin 2q\}$$ be the maximum possible height that keeps the whole rectangle below the curve, and let $$w = q-p$$ be its width. The perimeter is therefore

$$P = 2(h+w) = 4\Big(\min\{\sin 2p,\; \sin 2q\} + \tfrac{q-p}{2}\Big).$$

For a fixed left end $$p$$, increasing $$q$$ while $$\sin 2q \ge \sin 2p$$ increases $$w$$ without decreasing $$h$$, hence increases $$P$$. Thus the perimeter is maximised when both endpoints touch the curve at the same height:

$$\sin 2p = \sin 2q.$$

In the interval $$0 \le x \le \tfrac{\pi}{2}$$ the sine function is symmetric about $$x = \tfrac{\pi}{4}$$, so the condition $$\sin 2p = \sin 2q$$ forces

$$p = \tfrac{\pi}{4}-t, \qquad q = \tfrac{\pi}{4}+t,$$ with $$0 \le t \le \tfrac{\pi}{4}.$

The rectangle then has
width $$w = q-p = 2t,$$
height $$h = 2$$\sin$$ 2p = 2$$\sin$$\!\bigl(\tfrac{$$\pi$$}{2}-2t\bigr) = 2$$\cos$$ 2t.$$

Hence the perimeter becomes

$$P(t) = 2(h+w) = 4\bigl($$\cos$$ 2t + t\bigr).$$

To maximise $$P(t)$$, differentiate:

$$P'(t) = 4(-2$$\sin$$ 2t + 1).$$

Set $$P'(t)=0$$:

$$-2$$\sin$$ 2t + 1 = 0 \;\;\Longrightarrow\;\; $$\sin$$ 2t = \tfrac12.$$

Within $$0 \le t \le \tfrac{$$\pi$$}{4}$$ this gives $$2t = \tfrac{$$\pi$$}{6}\; \Longrightarrow\; t = \tfrac{$$\pi$$}{12}.$$

Second derivative: $$P''(t) = 4(-4$$\cos$$ 2t) = -16$$\cos$$ 2t.$$ At $$t = \tfrac{$$\pi$$}{12},\; $$\cos$$ 2t = $$\cos$$ \tfrac{$$\pi$$}{6} = \tfrac{$$\sqrt$$3}{2} \gt 0$$, so $$P''(t) \lt 0$$, confirming a maximum.

For $$t = \tfrac{$$\pi$$}{12}$$,
width $$w = 2t = \tfrac{$$\pi$$}{6},$$
height $$h = 2$$\cos$$ 2t = 2$$\cos$$ \tfrac{$$\pi$$}{6} = 2$$\left$$(\tfrac{$$\sqrt$$3}{2}$$\right$$) = $$\sqrt$$3.$$

Therefore the maximum perimeter rectangle has area

$$A = wh = $$\left$$(\tfrac{$$\pi$$}{6}$$\right$$)\!($$\sqrt$$3) = \tfrac{$$\pi$$$$\sqrt$$3}{6} = $$\frac{\pi}{2\sqrt3}$$.$$

Thus the required area is $$\boxed{\dfrac{$$\pi$$}{2$$\sqrt$$3}}.$$ Option C is correct.

Get AI Help

Create a FREE account and get:

  • Free JEE Advanced Previous Papers PDF
  • Take JEE Advanced paper tests

JEE Quant Questions | JEE Quantitative Ability

JEE DILR Questions | LRDI Questions For JEE

JEE Verbal Ability Questions | VARC Questions For JEE

Free JEE DILR Questions

JEE Continuity & DifferentiabilityJEE LimitsJEE MatricesJEE Magnetism & Magnetic MaterialsJEE StatisticsJEE Wave OpticsJEE SolutionsJEE Inverse Trigonometric FunctionsJEE Carboxylic AcidsJEE Laboratory Experiments - XIJEE CirclesJEE Definite IntegrationJEE Binomial TheoremJEE Hydrocarbons - AromaticJEE Nitrogen-Containing CompoundsJEE Purification & CharacterisationJEE Electric Charges & FieldsJEE Ray OpticsJEE Organic Compounds with HalogensJEE Chemical ThermodynamicsJEE p-Block Elements (Groups 13-18)JEE Applications of DerivativesJEE DifferentiationJEE Electric Potential & CapacitanceJEE Rotational MotionJEE Hydrocarbons - AlkenesJEE Redox ReactionsJEE Heat TransferJEE Complex NumbersJEE Differential EquationsJEE Trigonometric FunctionsJEE d and f-Block ElementsJEE Work, Energy & PowerJEE Alcohols, Phenols & EthersJEE Aldehydes & KetonesJEE Atoms & NucleiJEE ElasticityJEE Straight LinesJEE GravitationJEE Hydrocarbons - AlkynesJEE Electromagnetic InductionJEE Sequences & SeriesJEE Electromagnetic WavesJEE WavesJEE Periodic Table & PeriodicityJEE Simple Harmonic MotionJEE Quadratic EquationsJEE ProbabilityJEE Dual Nature of Matter & RadiationJEE Current & ResistanceJEE Chemical Bonding & Molecular StructureJEE Practical Organic ChemistryJEE ElectrochemistryJEE EMF & Circuit AnalysisJEE Permutations & CombinationsJEE Chemical KineticsJEE Coordination CompoundsJEE BiomoleculesJEE Kinetic Theory of GasesJEE Vector AlgebraJEE Three Dimensional GeometryJEE Number SystemJEE Laws of MotionJEE Atomic StructureJEE Basic Principles of Organic ChemistryJEE EquilibriumJEE Alternating CurrentsJEE Fluid MechanicsJEE Kinematics - 1D MotionJEE Hydrocarbons - AlkanesJEE Surface TensionJEE Indefinite IntegrationJEE Conic SectionsJEE Kinematics - 2D MotionJEE DeterminantsJEE Magnetic Effects of CurrentJEE JEE 2D GeometryJEE Electronic DevicesJEE Units & MeasurementsJEE Sets, Relations & FunctionsJEE Basic Concepts in ChemistryJEE Laws of Thermodynamics
Ask AI