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Where Nu = Nucleophile
Find out the correct statement from the options given below for the above two reactions.
The methoxy group ($$—OMe$$) at the para-position is a highly powerful electron-donating group (EDG) via resonance (+M effect). When the chloride leaving group departs, the resulting benzylic carbocation is strongly stabilized by the lone pairs on the oxygen atom. Because a highly stable carbocation forms effortlessly, this pathway strictly undergoes an SN1 mechanism, making it a 1st order reaction.
The nitro group ($$—NO_2$$) at the para-position is an exceptionally powerful electron-withdrawing group (EWG) via both resonance (−M) and induction (−I). An EWG strongly destabilizes any positive charge, making an SN1 carbocation path energetically unfavorable. Instead, the electron-withdrawing nature pulls electron density away from the benzylic carbon, making it highly partial-positive and susceptible to a direct, backside concerted attack by the nucleophile. Therefore, this pathway strictly proceeds through an SN2 mechanism, making it a 2nd order reaction.
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