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The viscosity of a liquid depends on the strength of intermolecular forces and the molecular size and shape. Stronger intermolecular forces, especially hydrogen bonding, lead to higher viscosity. Let's analyze each liquid:
First, glycerol (C₃H₈O₃) has three hydroxyl groups (-OH) per molecule, allowing extensive hydrogen bonding. Its large size and multiple hydrogen-bonding sites result in very high viscosity.
Second, water (H₂O) has two hydrogen atoms and two lone pairs on oxygen, enabling strong hydrogen bonding. However, it has fewer hydrogen-bonding sites per molecule compared to glycerol, so its viscosity is lower than glycerol but higher than many other liquids.
Third, methyl alcohol (CH₃OH) has one hydroxyl group, so it can form hydrogen bonds, but the non-polar methyl group reduces the overall intermolecular forces. Thus, its viscosity is lower than water.
Fourth, dimethyl ether (CH₃OCH₃) has no hydrogen-bonding capability because its oxygen is bonded to two carbon atoms, and hydrogens are attached to carbons. It relies only on weaker dipole-dipole and London dispersion forces, giving it the lowest viscosity.
Therefore, the order of increasing viscosity is: dimethyl ether (lowest) → methyl alcohol → water → glycerol (highest).
Now, comparing with the options:
Hence, the correct answer is Option C.
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