Given below are two statements.

Statement I: $$O_2$$, $$Cu^{2+}$$ and $$Fe^{3+}$$ are weakly attracted by magnetic field and are magnetized in the same direction as magnetic field.
Statement II: $$NaCl$$ and $$H_2O$$ are weakly magnetized in opposite direction to magnetic field.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer form the options given below

We need to analyze two statements about magnetic properties of substances.

Statement I: $$O_2$$, $$Cu^{2+}$$, and $$Fe^{3+}$$ are weakly attracted by magnetic field and are magnetized in the same direction as the magnetic field.

Analysis of Statement I:

Substances that are weakly attracted by a magnetic field and magnetized in the same direction as the field are paramagnetic.

• $$O_2$$ has two unpaired electrons in its antibonding molecular orbitals — it is paramagnetic.
• $$Cu^{2+}$$ has the configuration $$[Ar]3d^9$$ with 1 unpaired electron — it is paramagnetic.
• $$Fe^{3+}$$ has the configuration $$[Ar]3d^5$$ with 5 unpaired electrons — it is paramagnetic.

All three species are paramagnetic. Statement I is correct.

Statement II: $$NaCl$$ and $$H_2O$$ are weakly magnetized in opposite direction to the magnetic field.

Analysis of Statement II:

Substances that are weakly magnetized in the opposite direction to the magnetic field are diamagnetic.

• $$NaCl$$ — all electrons are paired ($$Na^+$$ and $$Cl^-$$ both have noble gas configurations) — it is diamagnetic.
• $$H_2O$$ — all electrons are paired — it is diamagnetic.

Both substances are diamagnetic. Statement II is correct.

The correct answer is Option A: Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.