Question 28

Three statements are given, followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
I. Some guavas are apples.
II. All grapes are oranges.
III. Some apples are grapes.
Conclusions:
I. Some apples are oranges.
II. No orange is guava.
III. Some oranges are guavas.

Solution

Conclusion: I. Some apples are oranges.

As per the above given Venn diagram, this conclusion follows.

Conclusion: II. No orange is guava.

There is not any negative relation given in between 'orange' and 'guava'. So the given conclusion does not follow. Because we cannot say anything about that definitely.

Conclusion: III. Some oranges are guavas.

There is not any negative relation given in between 'orange' and 'guava'. So the given conclusion does not follow. Because we cannot say anything about that definitely.

Individually, Conclusion (II) and (III) do not follow. Because of the same subject and predicate plus one positive and one negative, these are making either or case.

Hence Conclusion I and either II or III follow.


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