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Question 21

The resistance $$R = \frac{V}{I}$$, where $$V = (50 \pm 2)$$ V and $$I = (20 \pm 0.2)$$ A. The percentage error in $$R$$ is $$x$$%. The value of $$x$$ to the nearest integer is ________.


Correct Answer: 5

We have $$R = \frac{V}{I}$$, where $$V = (50 \pm 2)$$ V and $$I = (20 \pm 0.2)$$ A.

For a quantity expressed as a quotient, the percentage error in $$R$$ is the sum of the percentage errors in $$V$$ and $$I$$: $$\frac{\Delta R}{R} \times 100 = \frac{\Delta V}{V} \times 100 + \frac{\Delta I}{I} \times 100$$.

The percentage error in $$V$$ is $$\frac{2}{50} \times 100 = 4\%$$.

The percentage error in $$I$$ is $$\frac{0.2}{20} \times 100 = 1\%$$.

Therefore, the percentage error in $$R$$ is $$4\% + 1\% = 5\%$$, giving $$x = 5$$.

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