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Question 12

If wattless current flows in the AC circuit, then the circuit is :

We need to identify the type of AC circuit in which wattless current flows.

Wattless current refers to a current that does not consume any power. The average power in an AC circuit is given by:

$$P = V_{rms} \times I_{rms} \times \cos\phi$$

where $$\phi$$ is the phase difference between voltage and current. For $$P = 0$$, we need $$\cos\phi = 0$$, which means $$\phi = \frac{\pi}{2}$$ (i.e., $$90°$$). A phase difference of $$90°$$ between voltage and current occurs in both a purely inductive circuit (current lags voltage by $$90°$$) and a purely capacitive circuit (current leads voltage by $$90°$$).

In a purely resistive circuit, $$\phi = 0$$, so full power is dissipated. In LCR and RC circuits, the phase angle is generally not $$90°$$, so some power is dissipated.

Among the given options, a purely inductive circuit has wattless current. The correct answer is Option B: Purely Inductive circuit.

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