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Question 83

The total number of 3-digit numbers, whose greatest common divisor with 36 is 2, is ______


Correct Answer: 150

We need to find the total number of 3-digit numbers whose GCD with 36 is 2.

First, factorizing 36 gives $$36 = 2^2 \times 3^2$$.

Next, for $$\gcd(n, 36) = 2$$, we require $$n$$ to be even but not divisible by 4 (so that the highest power of 2 dividing the GCD is exactly $$2^1$$), and also not divisible by 3. In other words, $$n = 2m$$ where $$m$$ is odd and not divisible by 3.

Now, considering 3-digit numbers with $$100 \le 2m \le 999$$, we get $$50 \le m \le 499$$.

Since $$m$$ must be odd and not divisible by 3, we first count the odd integers from 51 to 499, which number $$\frac{499 - 51}{2} + 1 = 225$$.

Subsequently, we remove the odd multiples of 3 in the same range. These are numbers of the form $$3k$$ where $$k$$ is odd and $$51 \le 3k \le 499$$. The smallest such number is 51 ($$= 3 \times 17$$) and the largest is 495 ($$= 3 \times 165$$), giving the sequence $$3 \times 17, 3 \times 19, \dots, 3 \times 165$$, which has $$\frac{165 - 17}{2} + 1 = 75$$ terms.

Therefore, the total count is $$225 - 75 = 150$$, so the answer is $$150$$.

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