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Question 64

Given sum of the first $$n$$ terms of an A.P. is $$2n + 3n^2$$. Another A.P. is formed with the same first term and double of the common difference, the sum of $$n$$ terms of the new A.P. is :

Given that the sum of the first $$n$$ terms of an A.P. is $$S_n = 2n + 3n^2$$. The general formula for the sum of the first $$n$$ terms of an A.P. is $$S_n = \frac{n}{2} [2a + (n-1)d]$$, where $$a$$ is the first term and $$d$$ is the common difference.

Set the given sum equal to the formula:

$$$ \frac{n}{2} [2a + (n-1)d] = 2n + 3n^2 $$$

Multiply both sides by 2 to eliminate the denominator:

$$$ n [2a + (n-1)d] = 2 \times (2n + 3n^2) $$$

$$$ n [2a + (n-1)d] = 4n + 6n^2 $$$

Divide both sides by $$n$$ (since $$n \neq 0$$):

$$$ 2a + (n-1)d = \frac{4n + 6n^2}{n} $$$

$$$ 2a + (n-1)d = 4 + 6n $$$

Expand the left side:

$$$ 2a + n d - d = 6n + 4 $$$

Rearrange to group like terms:

$$$ (2a - d) + n d = 6n + 4 $$$

Since this equation holds for all $$n$$, equate the coefficients of $$n$$ and the constant terms:

Coefficient of $$n$$:

$$$ d = 6 $$$

Constant term:

$$$ 2a - d = 4 $$$

Substitute $$d = 6$$ into the constant equation:

$$$ 2a - 6 = 4 $$$

$$$ 2a = 10 $$$

$$$ a = 5 $$$

So, the first term $$a = 5$$ and common difference $$d = 6$$.

Now, form a new A.P. with the same first term $$a' = a = 5$$ and double the common difference, so $$d' = 2d = 2 \times 6 = 12$$.

The sum of the first $$n$$ terms of the new A.P. is given by:

$$$ S'_n = \frac{n}{2} [2a' + (n-1)d'] $$$

Substitute $$a' = 5$$ and $$d' = 12$$:

$$$ S'_n = \frac{n}{2} [2 \times 5 + (n-1) \times 12] $$$

$$$ S'_n = \frac{n}{2} [10 + 12(n-1)] $$$

Expand inside the brackets:

$$$ 10 + 12(n-1) = 10 + 12n - 12 = 12n - 2 $$$

So:

$$$ S'_n = \frac{n}{2} \times (12n - 2) $$$

$$$ S'_n = \frac{n}{2} \times 2(6n - 1) $$$

$$$ S'_n = n \times (6n - 1) $$$

$$$ S'_n = 6n^2 - n $$$

Comparing with the options:

A. $$n + 4n^2$$

B. $$6n^2 - n$$

C. $$n^2 + 4n$$

D. $$3n + 2n^2$$

The expression $$6n^2 - n$$ matches option B.

Hence, the correct answer is Option B.

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