A is the 1st letter in the alphabetical series. In this problem, A represents 1. B represents 2 and so on. The values are obtained calculating the sum of those values.
TOM = 20 + 15 + 13 = 48
DICK = 4 + 9 + 3 + 11 = 27
Similarly, HARRY = 8 + 1 + 18 + 18 + 25 = 70
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