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The number of molecule(s) or ion(s) from the following having non-planar structure is ______.
$$NO_3^-$$, $$H_2O_2$$, $$BF_3$$, $$PCl_3$$, $$XeF_4$$, $$SF_4$$, $$XeO_3$$, $$PH_4^+$$, $$SO_3$$, $$[Al(OH)_4]^-$$
Correct Answer: 6
We need to find the number of molecules/ions with non-planar structure from the given list.
Let us analyze each species:
1. $$NO_3^-$$
Nitrogen has 3 bond pairs and 0 lone pairs. Hybridization: $$sp^2$$. Shape: Trigonal planar. $$\Rightarrow$$ Planar
2. $$H_2O_2$$
Hydrogen peroxide has an open book structure. The two O-H bonds are in different planes due to the lone pairs on each oxygen. Shape: Non-planar (open book/skewed). $$\Rightarrow$$ Non-planar
3. $$BF_3$$
Boron has 3 bond pairs and 0 lone pairs. Hybridization: $$sp^2$$. Shape: Trigonal planar. $$\Rightarrow$$ Planar
4. $$PCl_3$$
Phosphorus has 3 bond pairs and 1 lone pair. Hybridization: $$sp^3$$. Shape: Trigonal pyramidal. $$\Rightarrow$$ Non-planar
5. $$XeF_4$$
Xenon has 4 bond pairs and 2 lone pairs. Hybridization: $$sp^3d^2$$. Shape: Square planar. $$\Rightarrow$$ Planar
6. $$SF_4$$
Sulphur has 4 bond pairs and 1 lone pair. Hybridization: $$sp^3d$$. Shape: See-saw. $$\Rightarrow$$ Non-planar
7. $$XeO_3$$
Xenon has 3 bond pairs and 1 lone pair. Hybridization: $$sp^3$$. Shape: Trigonal pyramidal. $$\Rightarrow$$ Non-planar
8. $$PH_4^+$$
Phosphorus has 4 bond pairs and 0 lone pairs. Hybridization: $$sp^3$$. Shape: Tetrahedral. $$\Rightarrow$$ Non-planar
9. $$SO_3$$
Sulphur has 3 bond pairs and 0 lone pairs. Hybridization: $$sp^2$$. Shape: Trigonal planar. $$\Rightarrow$$ Planar
10. $$[Al(OH)_4]^-$$
Aluminium has 4 bond pairs and 0 lone pairs. Hybridization: $$sp^3$$. Shape: Tetrahedral. $$\Rightarrow$$ Non-planar
Counting non-planar species:
$$H_2O_2$$, $$PCl_3$$, $$SF_4$$, $$XeO_3$$, $$PH_4^+$$, $$[Al(OH)_4]^-$$ = 6
Hence, the answer is 6.
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