In each of the questions below are given three statements followed by four conclusions numbered I, II, III and IV. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.
Statements: All books are tiles.
Some roads are tiles.
All pens are roads.
Conclusions: I. Some books are roads
II. Some pens are books
III. Some pens are tiles
IV. All tiles are books
Solution
We use elimination to find an exception to the generality of the conclusions. Thus prove that they are not implied. This diagram below contradicts all the four conclusions. Hence the correct answer is (a)
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