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Given Reaction Energy Change (in kJ):
Li(s) $$\rightarrow$$ Li(g) : 161
Li(g) $$\rightarrow$$ Li$$^+$$(g) : 520
$$\frac{1}{2}F_2(g) \rightarrow$$ F(g) : 77
F(g) + e$$^-$$ $$\rightarrow$$ F$$^-$$(g) : (Electron gain enthalpy)
Li$$^+$$(g) + F$$^-$$(g) $$\rightarrow$$ LiF(s) : -1047
Li(s) + $$\frac{1}{2}F_2$$(g) $$\rightarrow$$ LiF(s) : -617
Based on data provided, the value of electron gain enthalpy of fluorine would be :
To find the electron gain enthalpy of fluorine, which is the energy change for the reaction F(g) + e⁻ → F⁻(g), we use the given reactions and their energy changes. The overall reaction provided is Li(s) + ½ F₂(g) → LiF(s) with ΔH = -617 kJ. We can break this down into steps using the Born-Haber cycle.
The steps involved are:
1. Sublimation of lithium: Li(s) → Li(g) with ΔH = 161 kJ
2. Ionization of lithium: Li(g) → Li⁺(g) + e⁻ with ΔH = 520 kJ
3. Dissociation of fluorine: ½ F₂(g) → F(g) with ΔH = 77 kJ
4. Electron gain by fluorine: F(g) + e⁻ → F⁻(g) with ΔH = ? (this is the electron gain enthalpy we need to find)
5. Lattice formation: Li⁺(g) + F⁻(g) → LiF(s) with ΔH = -1047 kJ
The sum of these steps equals the overall reaction energy:
ΔH_overall = ΔH_sublimation + ΔH_ionization + ΔH_dissociation + ΔH_electron_gain + ΔH_lattice
Substituting the known values:
-617 = 161 + 520 + 77 + ΔH_electron_gain + (-1047)
Now, simplify the right-hand side:
161 + 520 = 681
681 + 77 = 758
758 - 1047 = -289
So the equation becomes:
-617 = -289 + ΔH_electron_gain
Solve for ΔH_electron_gain:
ΔH_electron_gain = -617 - (-289)
ΔH_electron_gain = -617 + 289
ΔH_electron_gain = -328 kJ
Therefore, the electron gain enthalpy of fluorine is -328 kJ mol⁻¹.
Hence, the correct answer is Option C.
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