Question 35

Given below are two statements: Statement I: $$N(CH_3)_3$$ and $$P(CH_3)_3$$ can act as ligands to form transition metal complexes. Statement II: As N and P are from same group, the nature of bonding of $$N(CH_3)_3$$ and $$P(CH_3)_3$$ is always same with transition metals. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Evaluate two statements about $$N(CH_3)_3$$ and $$P(CH_3)_3$$ as ligands.

Statement I: "$$N(CH_3)_3$$ and $$P(CH_3)_3$$ can act as ligands to form transition metal complexes."

CORRECT. Both have a lone pair on the central atom (N or P) that can be donated to a transition metal, forming coordinate bonds. They are well-known ligands in coordination chemistry.

Statement II: "The nature of bonding of $$N(CH_3)_3$$ and $$P(CH_3)_3$$ is always same with transition metals."

INCORRECT. $$N(CH_3)_3$$ acts primarily as a $$\sigma$$-donor (donates its lone pair). $$P(CH_3)_3$$, however, can act as both a $$\sigma$$-donor and a $$\pi$$-acceptor — phosphorus has available empty d-orbitals that can accept electron density from filled metal d-orbitals ($$\pi$$-back bonding). This difference in bonding nature is significant.

The correct answer is Option (1): Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.

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