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Question 32

Identify the incorrect statement for $$PCl_5$$ from the following.

Analyze each statement about $$PCl_5$$.

Statement A: In $$PCl_5$$, phosphorus undergoes $$sp^3d$$ hybridization.

This is correct. Phosphorus has 5 bond pairs and uses one 3s, three 3p, and one 3d orbital for $$sp^3d$$ hybridization.

Statement B: The geometry of $$PCl_5$$ is trigonal bipyramidal.

This is correct. With 5 bond pairs and no lone pairs, the geometry is trigonal bipyramidal.

Statement C: $$PCl_5$$ has two axial bonds stronger than three equatorial bonds.

This is incorrect. In a trigonal bipyramidal structure, the axial bonds are longer and weaker than the equatorial bonds. The axial P-Cl bond length is 219 pm while the equatorial P-Cl bond length is 204 pm. This is because axial bonds experience greater repulsion from three equatorial bond pairs at 90°, whereas equatorial bonds have only two axial bonds at 90°.

Statement D: The three equatorial bonds of $$PCl_5$$ lie in a plane.

This is correct. The three equatorial bonds are coplanar, forming angles of 120° with each other.

The incorrect statement is Option C.

The answer is $$\boxed{\text{Option C}}$$.

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