Question 31

Given below are two statements:
Statement-I: The orbitals having same energy are called as degenerate orbitals.
Statement-II: In hydrogen atom, $$3p$$ and $$3d$$ orbitals are not degenerate orbitals.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given

Statement I: "The orbitals having same energy are called as degenerate orbitals."

This is the correct definition of degenerate orbitals. Orbitals that have the same energy are called degenerate. Statement I is TRUE.

Statement II: "In hydrogen atom, $$3p$$ and $$3d$$ orbitals are not degenerate orbitals."

In a hydrogen atom (single-electron system), the energy of an orbital depends only on the principal quantum number $$n$$, not on the azimuthal quantum number $$l$$. Therefore, all orbitals with the same $$n$$ have the same energy.

Since $$3p$$ ($$n=3, l=1$$) and $$3d$$ ($$n=3, l=2$$) both have $$n = 3$$, they have the same energy in a hydrogen atom and are degenerate.

(Note: In multi-electron atoms, $$3p$$ and $$3d$$ would NOT be degenerate due to electron-electron repulsion and shielding effects. But in hydrogen atom specifically, they are degenerate.)

Statement II is FALSE.

The correct answer is: Statement-I is true but Statement-II is false.

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