Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Maximum power is dissipated in a circuit containing an inductor, a capacitor and a resistor connected in series with an AC source, when resonance occurs.
Statement II: Maximum power is dissipated in a circuit containing pure resistor due to zero phase difference between current and voltage.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

We need to evaluate two statements about power dissipation in AC circuits.

Statement I: Maximum power is dissipated at resonance in a series RLC circuit.

In a series RLC circuit with an AC source, the power dissipated is:

$$ P = V_{rms} I_{rms} \cos\phi $$

where $$\cos\phi$$ is the power factor. At resonance, the inductive reactance equals the capacitive reactance ($$X_L = X_C$$), so the impedance is minimum ($$Z = R$$) and the phase angle $$\phi = 0$$. This means:

- The current is maximum: $$I = V/R$$ (since $$Z = R$$ is minimum)

- The power factor is maximum: $$\cos\phi = 1$$

Therefore, $$P = V^2/R$$ is maximum at resonance. Statement I is TRUE.

Statement II: Maximum power is dissipated in a pure resistor due to zero phase difference.

In a purely resistive circuit, voltage and current are always in phase ($$\phi = 0$$). The power dissipated is:

$$ P = V_{rms} I_{rms} \cos 0 = V_{rms} I_{rms} $$

The power factor is 1 (maximum possible). No energy is stored and returned (as happens with inductors and capacitors), so all the electrical energy supplied is dissipated as heat. This gives maximum power dissipation compared to circuits with reactive components. Statement II is TRUE.

Both statements are true.

The correct answer is Option 2: Both Statement I and Statement II are true.