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Question 12

A current of 5 A is passing through a non-linear magnesium wire of cross-section 0.04 m$$^2$$. At every point the direction of current density is at an angle of 60$$^\circ$$ with the unit vector of area of cross-section. The magnitude of electric field at every point of the conductor is: (resistivity of magnesium $$\rho = 44 \times 10^{-8}$$ $$\Omega$$m)

The current $$I$$ through the cross-section is related to the current density $$\vec{J}$$ by $$I = \vec{J} \cdot \vec{A} = JA\cos\theta$$, where $$\theta = 60°$$ is the angle between the current density direction and the area vector.

Solving for $$J$$: $$J = \frac{I}{A\cos\theta} = \frac{5}{0.04 \times \cos 60°} = \frac{5}{0.04 \times 0.5} = \frac{5}{0.02} = 250$$ A m$$^{-2}$$.

The magnitude of the electric field is related to the current density by $$E = \rho J$$, where $$\rho = 44 \times 10^{-8}$$ $$\Omega$$m:

$$E = 44 \times 10^{-8} \times 250 = 11000 \times 10^{-8} = 11 \times 10^{-5}$$ V m$$^{-1}$$.

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