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If the shortest distance between the lines $$\frac{x+2}{2} = \frac{y+3}{3} = \frac{z-5}{4}$$ and $$\frac{x-3}{1} = \frac{y-2}{-3} = \frac{z+4}{2}$$ is $$\frac{38}{3\sqrt{5}}k$$, and $$\int_0^k [x^2]dx = \alpha - \sqrt{\alpha}$$, where [x] denotes the greatest integer function, then $$6\alpha^3$$ is equal to ______.
Correct Answer: 48
We need to find the shortest distance between the lines $$\frac{x+2}{2} = \frac{y+3}{3} = \frac{z-5}{4}$$ and $$\frac{x-3}{1} = \frac{y-2}{-3} = \frac{z+4}{2}$$, then use it to find $$6\alpha^3$$.
Since the first line can be represented by a point $$\overrightarrow{a_1} = (-2, -3, 5)$$ and direction vector $$\overrightarrow{b_1} = (2, 3, 4)$$ while the second line corresponds to a point $$\overrightarrow{a_2} = (3, 2, -4)$$ and direction $$\overrightarrow{b_2} = (1, -3, 2)$$, we proceed by computing the cross product of the direction vectors.
The expression for the cross product is
$$ \overrightarrow{b_1} \times \overrightarrow{b_2} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 2 & 3 & 4 \\ 1 & -3 & 2 \end{vmatrix} $$
This evaluates to $$18\hat{i} - 0\hat{j} - 9\hat{k}$$, that is $$(18, 0, -9)$$, and its magnitude is $$\sqrt{324 + 0 + 81} = \sqrt{405} = 9\sqrt{5}$$.
Moreover, the vector connecting the given points is
$$\overrightarrow{a_2} - \overrightarrow{a_1} = (5, 5, -9)$$
so that by the formula for the shortest distance between skew lines we have
$$ d = \frac{|(\overrightarrow{a_2}-\overrightarrow{a_1}) \cdot (\overrightarrow{b_1} \times \overrightarrow{b_2})|}{|\overrightarrow{b_1} \times \overrightarrow{b_2}|} $$
and since
$$ (\overrightarrow{a_2}-\overrightarrow{a_1}) \cdot (18, 0, -9) = 90 + 0 + 81 = 171 $$
it follows that
$$ d = \frac{171}{9\sqrt{5}} = \frac{19}{\sqrt{5}} = \frac{19\sqrt{5}}{5} = \frac{38}{2\sqrt{5}}\,. $$
We are told $$d = \frac{38}{3\sqrt{5}}k$$, so
$$ \frac{19}{\sqrt{5}} = \frac{38}{3\sqrt{5}}k \implies k = \frac{19 \cdot 3}{38} = \frac{3}{2}\,. $$
Next we evaluate the integral $$\int_0^{3/2} [x^2]\,dx$$ by noting that $$x^2$$ crosses the integer values on the interval $$[0, 3/2]$$ at $$x=0$$, $$x=1$$, and $$x=\sqrt{2}\approx 1.414$$, while at $$x=3/2$$ we have $$x^2=9/4=2.25$$ so that $$[x^2]=2$$. Splitting the integral accordingly gives
$$ \int_0^{3/2}[x^2]\,dx = \int_0^1 0\,dx + \int_1^{\sqrt{2}} 1\,dx + \int_{\sqrt{2}}^{3/2} 2\,dx = (\sqrt{2} - 1) + 2\left(\frac{3}{2} - \sqrt{2}\right) = 2 - \sqrt{2}\,. $$
Since we are told this equals $$\alpha - \sqrt{\alpha}$$, comparison with $$2 - \sqrt{2}$$ yields $$\alpha = 2$$.
Finally, computing $$6\alpha^3$$ gives
$$ 6\alpha^3 = 6 \cdot 8 = 48\,. $$
Hence the answer is 48 Option X.
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