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If the shortest distance between the lines $$\frac{x-1}{2} = \frac{y-2}{3} = \frac{z-3}{\lambda}$$ and $$\frac{x-2}{1} = \frac{y-4}{4} = \frac{z-5}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}}$$, then the sum of all possible values of $$\lambda$$ is:
The given lines are
$$\frac{x-1}{2}=\frac{y-2}{3}=\frac{z-3}{\lambda}$$
and
$$\frac{x-2}{1}=\frac{y-4}{4}=\frac{z-5}{5}$$
A point on the first line is
$$A_1=(1,2,3)$$
and its direction vector is
$$\vec b_1=2\hat i+3\hat j+\lambda\hat k$$
A point on the second line is
$$A_2=(2,4,5)$$
and its direction vector is
$$\vec b_2=\hat i+4\hat j+5\hat k$$
The shortest distance between two skew lines is
$$\text{S.D.}=\frac{|(\vec{A_2A_1})\cdot(\vec b_1\times\vec b_2)|}{|\vec b_1\times\vec b_2|}$$
Given,
$$\text{S.D.}=\frac1{\sqrt3}$$
Now,
$$\vec{A_2A_1}=(2-1)\hat i+(4-2)\hat j+(5-3)\hat k$$
$$=\hat i+2\hat j+2\hat k$$
Next,
$$\vec b_1\times\vec b_2= \begin{vmatrix} \hat i&\hat j&\hat k\\ 2&3&\lambda\\ 1&4&5 \end{vmatrix}$$
$$=\hat i(15-4\lambda)-\hat j(10-\lambda)+\hat k(8-3)$$
$$=(15-4\lambda)\hat i+(\lambda-10)\hat j+5\hat k$$
Therefore,
$$|\vec b_1\times\vec b_2| =\sqrt{(15-4\lambda)^2+(\lambda-10)^2+25}$$
Also,
$$(\vec{A_2A_1})\cdot(\vec b_1\times\vec b_2)$$
$$=(1,2,2)\cdot(15-4\lambda,\lambda-10,5)$$
$$=15-4\lambda+2\lambda-20+10$$
$$=5-2\lambda$$
Hence,
$$\frac{|5-2\lambda|}{\sqrt{(15-4\lambda)^2+(\lambda-10)^2+25}}=\frac1{\sqrt3}$$
Squaring both sides,
$$3(5-2\lambda)^2=(15-4\lambda)^2+(\lambda-10)^2+25$$
Expanding,
$$3(25-20\lambda+4\lambda^2)=225-120\lambda+16\lambda^2+\lambda^2-20\lambda+100+25$$
$$75-60\lambda+12\lambda^2=17\lambda^2-140\lambda+350$$
$$5\lambda^2-80\lambda+275=0$$
$$\lambda^2-16\lambda+55=0$$
$$(\lambda-5)(\lambda-11)=0$$
Thus,
$$\lambda=5,\ 11$$
Therefore, the sum of all possible values of $$\lambda$$ is
$$5+11=16$$
Hence, $$\boxed{16}$$.
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