$$[Ni (PPh_{3})_{2}Cl_{2} ]$$ is a paramagnetic complex. Identify the INCORRECT statements about this complex.
A. The complex exhibits geometrical isomerism.
B. The complex is white in colour.
C. The calculated spin-only magnetic moment of the complex is 2.84 BM.
D. The calculated CFSE (Crystal Field Stabilization Energy) of Ni in this complex is $$-0.8 \triangle_{0}$$
E. The geometrical arrangement of ligands in this complex is similar to that in $$Ni(CO)_{4}$$.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

We are told that $$[Ni(PPh_3)_2Cl_2]$$ is a paramagnetic complex. We need to identify the INCORRECT statements.

Key Concept: $$Ni^{2+}$$ is a $$d^8$$ ion. $$PPh_3$$ (triphenylphosphine) is a strong-field ligand, but with only two $$PPh_3$$ and two $$Cl^-$$ ligands, the complex is 4-coordinate. Since the complex is paramagnetic, it must be tetrahedral (a square planar $$d^8$$ complex would be diamagnetic with all electrons paired).

Statement A: The complex exhibits geometrical isomerism.

Tetrahedral complexes of the type $$[MA_2B_2]$$ do NOT exhibit geometrical (cis-trans) isomerism. Geometrical isomerism in 4-coordinate complexes occurs only in square planar geometry. Statement A is INCORRECT.

Statement B: The complex is white in colour.

Tetrahedral $$Ni^{2+}$$ complexes are typically coloured (green or blue) due to d-d transitions, which are Laporte-allowed in tetrahedral symmetry (no centre of symmetry). The complex is NOT white. Statement B is INCORRECT.

Statement C: The calculated spin-only magnetic moment is 2.84 BM.

In a tetrahedral field, $$Ni^{2+}$$ ($$d^8$$) has the configuration $$e^4 t_2^4$$, with 2 unpaired electrons. The spin-only magnetic moment is $$\mu = \sqrt{n(n+2)} = \sqrt{2 \times 4} = 2.83$$ BM $$\approx 2.84$$ BM. Statement C is CORRECT.

Statement D: The CFSE of Ni in this complex is $$-0.8\Delta_0$$.

In a tetrahedral field with $$\Delta_t = \frac{4}{9}\Delta_0$$, the CFSE for $$d^8$$ ($$e^4 t_2^4$$) is: $$4(-0.6\Delta_t) + 4(0.4\Delta_t) = -0.8\Delta_t = -0.8 \times \frac{4}{9}\Delta_0 = -0.356\Delta_0$$. The value $$-0.8\Delta_0$$ is for an octahedral field, not tetrahedral. Statement D is INCORRECT.

Statement E: The geometrical arrangement is similar to Ni(CO)$$_4$$.

$$Ni(CO)_4$$ is tetrahedral, and so is this complex. Statement E is CORRECT.

The incorrect statements are A, B, and D.

The correct answer is Option 1: A, B and D Only.