Find out the statements which are not true.
A. Resonating structures with more number of covalent bonds and lesser charge separntion are more stable.
B. In electromeric effect, an unsaturated system shows +E effect with nucleophile and -E effect with electrophile.
C. Inductive effect is responsible for high melting point, boiling point and dipole moment of polar compotmds.
D. The greater the number of alkyl groups attached to the doubly bonded carbon atoms, higher is the heat of hydrogenation.
E. Stability of carbanion increases with the increase in s - character of the carbon carrying the negative charge.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

We need to identify which statements are NOT true about organic chemistry concepts.

Statement A: "Resonating structures with more number of covalent bonds and lesser charge separation are more stable."

This is TRUE. More covalent bonds and less charge separation contribute to stability of resonance structures.

Statement B: "In electromeric effect, an unsaturated system shows +E effect with nucleophile and -E effect with electrophile."

This is NOT TRUE. The electromeric effect is the opposite: +E effect occurs with electrophiles (electron shift toward the electrophile) and -E effect occurs with nucleophiles (electron shift away from the nucleophile). The statement has it reversed.

Statement C: "Inductive effect is responsible for high melting point, boiling point and dipole moment of polar compounds."

This is TRUE. Inductive effect contributes to polarity of molecules, affecting physical properties.

Statement D: "The greater the number of alkyl groups attached to the doubly bonded carbon atoms, higher is the heat of hydrogenation."

This is NOT TRUE. More alkyl groups stabilize the double bond (hyperconjugation), resulting in LOWER heat of hydrogenation.

Statement E: "Stability of carbanion increases with the increase in s-character of the carbon carrying the negative charge."

This is TRUE. Greater s-character means the electrons are held closer to the nucleus, stabilizing the carbanion (sp > sp² > sp³).

The statements that are NOT true are B and D only.

Therefore, the answer is Option 4: B & D only.