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Question 40

The electronegativity of aluminum is similar to:

First, we recall the Pauling scale of electronegativity, which assigns numerical values to elements indicating their tendency to attract the shared pair of electrons in a chemical bond. On this scale, higher numbers mean stronger attraction.

We list the approximate Pauling electronegativity values of the elements mentioned in the options. These standard values are:

$$\text{Electronegativity of Li} \; (\chi_{\text{Li}}) \approx 1.0$$

$$\text{Electronegativity of Be} \; (\chi_{\text{Be}}) \approx 1.5$$

$$\text{Electronegativity of B} \; (\chi_{\text{B}}) \approx 2.0$$

$$\text{Electronegativity of C} \; (\chi_{\text{C}}) \approx 2.5$$

$$\text{Electronegativity of Al} \; (\chi_{\text{Al}}) \approx 1.5$$

Now we compare $$\chi_{\text{Al}}$$ with each of the listed values:

We have $$\chi_{\text{Al}} = 1.5$$ and $$\chi_{\text{Be}} = 1.5$$. These two numbers are equal, so aluminum and beryllium exhibit the same electronegativity within experimental error.

Next, we observe that $$\chi_{\text{B}} = 2.0 \gt 1.5$$, $$\chi_{\text{C}} = 2.5 \gt 1.5$$, and $$\chi_{\text{Li}} = 1.0 \lt 1.5$$. Thus, boron, carbon, and lithium all have electronegativity values significantly different from that of aluminum.

Since only beryllium shares the same electronegativity value with aluminum, it is the correct match.

Hence, the correct answer is Option A.

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