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Question 32

The correct order of the first ionization enthalpy is

We need to find the correct order of first ionization enthalpy for Group 13 elements.

The first ionization enthalpies (in kJ/mol, approximate) for Group 13 elements are:

B: 801, Al: 577, Ga: 579, In: 558, Tl: 589

The general trend down a group is decreasing IE due to increasing atomic size and shielding. However, anomalies exist:

Ga vs Al: Ga (579) has slightly higher IE than Al (577) due to poor shielding by the 3d electrons in Ga, leading to higher effective nuclear charge.

Tl vs Ga: Tl (589) has higher IE than Ga (579) due to the poor shielding effect of 4f electrons (lanthanide contraction) and relativistic effects on the 6s electrons.

Among the given options, the order $$Tl > Ga > Al$$ (589 > 579 > 577) is correct.

The correct answer is Option C: $$Tl > Ga > Al$$.

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