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$$\text{Let } y = y(x) \text { be the solution of the differential equation } x\frac{dy}{dx} - y = x^2 \cot x, \quad x \in (0, \pi).\text{ If } y\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right) = \frac{\pi}{2}, \text{ then } 6y\left(\frac{\pi}{6}\right) - 8y\left(\frac{\pi}{4}\right) \text{ is equal to :}$$
The given differential equation is:
$$x\frac{dy}{dx} - y = x^2 \cot x, \quad x \in (0, \pi)$$
with initial condition $$y\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right) = \frac{\pi}{2}$$.
First, rewrite the equation in standard linear form:
$$\frac{dy}{dx} - \frac{1}{x}y = x \cot x$$
Here, $$P(x) = -\frac{1}{x}$$ and $$Q(x) = x \cot x$$.
The integrating factor (I.F.) is:
$$\text{I.F.} = e^{\int P(x) dx} = e^{\int -\frac{1}{x} dx} = e^{-\ln x} = \frac{1}{x} \quad (\text{since } x > 0)$$
Multiply both sides by I.F.:
$$\frac{1}{x} \frac{dy}{dx} - \frac{1}{x^2} y = \cot x$$
The left side is the derivative of $$\frac{y}{x}$$:
$$\frac{d}{dx}\left( \frac{y}{x} \right) = \cot x$$
Integrate both sides:
$$\int \frac{d}{dx}\left( \frac{y}{x} \right) dx = \int \cot x dx$$
$$\frac{y}{x} = \ln |\sin x| + C$$
Since $$x \in (0, \pi)$$, $$\sin x > 0$$, so:
$$\frac{y}{x} = \ln (\sin x) + C$$
Thus, the general solution is:
$$y = x \ln (\sin x) + C x$$
Apply the initial condition $$y\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right) = \frac{\pi}{2}$$:
Substitute $$x = \frac{\pi}{2}$$, $$y = \frac{\pi}{2}$$:
$$\frac{\pi}{2} = \frac{\pi}{2} \ln \left( \sin \frac{\pi}{2} \right) + C \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}$$
$$\sin \frac{\pi}{2} = 1$$, $$\ln(1) = 0$$, so:
$$\frac{\pi}{2} = 0 + \frac{C\pi}{2}$$
$$C = 1$$
Therefore, the particular solution is:
$$y = x \ln (\sin x) + x = x \left( \ln (\sin x) + 1 \right)$$
Now compute $$y\left(\frac{\pi}{6}\right)$$ and $$y\left(\frac{\pi}{4}\right)$$:
For $$x = \frac{\pi}{6}$$:
$$\sin \frac{\pi}{6} = \frac{1}{2}$$
$$y\left(\frac{\pi}{6}\right) = \frac{\pi}{6} \left( \ln \left( \frac{1}{2} \right) + 1 \right) = \frac{\pi}{6} \left( -\ln 2 + 1 \right)$$
For $$x = \frac{\pi}{4}$$:
$$\sin \frac{\pi}{4} = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$$
$$y\left(\frac{\pi}{4}\right) = \frac{\pi}{4} \left( \ln \left( \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \right) + 1 \right) = \frac{\pi}{4} \left( \ln (2^{-1/2}) + 1 \right) = \frac{\pi}{4} \left( -\frac{1}{2} \ln 2 + 1 \right)$$
Now evaluate the expression:
$$6y\left(\frac{\pi}{6}\right) - 8y\left(\frac{\pi}{4}\right) = 6 \left[ \frac{\pi}{6} (1 - \ln 2) \right] - 8 \left[ \frac{\pi}{4} \left(1 - \frac{1}{2} \ln 2\right) \right]$$
Simplify:
$$= \pi (1 - \ln 2) - 2\pi \left(1 - \frac{1}{2} \ln 2\right)$$
Factor out $$\pi$$:
$$= \pi \left[ (1 - \ln 2) - 2 \left(1 - \frac{1}{2} \ln 2\right) \right]$$
Distribute the $$-2$$:
$$= \pi \left[ 1 - \ln 2 - 2 + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \ln 2 \right] = \pi \left[ 1 - \ln 2 - 2 + \ln 2 \right]$$
Combine like terms:
$$= \pi \left[ (1 - 2) + (-\ln 2 + \ln 2) \right] = \pi \left[ -1 + 0 \right] = -\pi$$
Thus, $$6y\left(\frac{\pi}{6}\right) - 8y\left(\frac{\pi}{4}\right) = -\pi$$.
The correct answer is option D: $$-\pi$$.
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