Reading Comprehension Questions For IBPS RRB PO
Download Top-20 IBPS RRB PO Reading Comprehension Questions PDF. Reading Comprehension questions based on asked questions in previous year exam papers very important for the IBPS RRB PO (Officer Scale-I, II & III) exam.
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Instructions
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:
In all countries where democracy is in vogue today, people have been deceived into believing that there is no better system than political democracy. Political democracy has no doubt granted voting rights, but it has snatched away the right of economic equality. Consequently, there is gross economic disparity between the rich and the poor, immense inequality in people’s purchasing capacity, unemployment, chronic food shortages, poverty and insecurity in society.
The type of democracy prevalent in India is also political democracy, and it has proved to be a unique system of exploitation. The Indian constitution was created by three groups of exploiters: the British exploiters, the Indian imperialists and the ruling parties representing the Indian capitalists. All the provisions of the Indian constitution were framed keeping an eye on furthering the interests of these opportunists. Just to hood wink the masses, the people were granted the right of universal suffrage. Millions of Indians are poor, superstitious and illiterate, yet the exploiters, through such practices as making false promises, intimidation, gross abuse of administrative power and vote rigging, repeatedly win over the electorate. This is the farce of democracy. Once they form the government, they get ample opportunity to indulge in rampant corruption and political tyranny for five years. In the subsequent elections – whether on the provincial or state level – the same absurdity is repeated.
This type of political opportunism has been going on in India since Independence. For the last thirty-five years, the political parties have maintained that in order to attain economic parity with the industrially developed countries of Europe, India must follow the democratic system. To support this argument, they cite the examples of America and Great Britain or China and the Soviet Union. The political leaders urge the electorate to vote in their favor at election time so that the country’s starving masses can reap the benefits of a developed economy. But once the elections are over, the exploitation of the common people continues unabated in the garb of political democracy, and other areas of social life are completely neglected. Today millions of Indian citizens are being deprived of the minimum requirements of life and are struggling to procure adequate food, clothing, housing, education and medical treatment, while a handful of people are rolling in enormous wealth and luxury.
One of the most obvious defects of democracy is that voting is based upon universal suffrage. That is, the right to cast a vote depends on age. Once people reach a certain age, it is assumed that they have the requisite capacity to weigh the pros and cons of the issues in an election and select the best candidate. But there are many people above the voting age who have little or no interest in elections and are not conversant with social or economic issues. In many cases they vote for the party rather than the candidate, and are swayed by election propaganda or the false promises of politicians. Those who have not reached the voting age are often more capable of selecting the best candidate than those who are entitled to vote.
Whether or not a candidate gets elected usually depends upon party affiliation, political patronage and election expenditure. In some cases it also depends on antisocial practices. Throughout the world, money plays a dominant role in the electoral process, and in nearly all cases, only those who are rich and powerful can hope to secure elected office. In those cases where voting is not compulsory, often only a small percentage of the population participate in the electoral process.
The prerequisites for the success of democracy are morality, education and socio-economico-political consciousness. Leaders especially must be people of high moral character, otherwise the welfare of society will be jeopardized. But today in most democracies, people of dubious character and those with vested interests are elected to power. Even bandits and murderers stand for election and form the government.
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Question 1: The following sentence might or might not contain some grammatical or contextual error. Select the sentence among the given options that should replace the following sentence in the passage.
In those cases where voting is not compulsory, often only a small percentage of the population participate in the electoral process.
a) In those cases where voting is not made compulsory, often only a small percentage of the population participate in the electoral process.
b) In those cases where voting is not compulsory, often only a small percentage of the population participates in the electoral process.
c) In those cases where voting has not been made compulsory, often only a small percentage of the population participate in the electoral process.
d) In that cases where voting is not made compulsory, often only a small percentage of the population participates in the electoral process.
e) No correction is required
Question 2: According to the author, all of the following factors play a predominant role in determining who gets elected to the office in a political democracy except
a) the budget of the election in which the candidate participates.
b) the clout that a candidate enjoys in his party.
c) the party to which the candidate belongs.
d) how deep-pocketed the person is.
e) the power that the person wields in political spheres.
Question 3: Based on the author’s tone in the line ‘Those who have not reached the voting age are often more capable of selecting the best candidate than those who are entitled to vote’, we can infer that the author is most likely to recommend
a) voting rights for children below the permissible age limit.
b) scrapping of universal adult franchise and instituting a dictatorship.
c) giving voting rights to select children who are capable of making rational choices.
d) allowing only people who are aware of their choices to vote.
e) doing away with the age restrictions that prevent children from voting.
Question 4: Which of the following views is the author least likely to agree with?
a) People who are not literate should not be allowed to vote.
b) Political democracy is not the best form of government available.
c) Only persons with a clean record should be allowed to contest in elections.
d) Developing nations should not follow the democratic system of government.
e) The term for which a person can remain in power should be restricted.
Question 5: Which of the following is the reason why the exploiters win over the electorate every time?
a) The exploiters indulge in unconstitutional practices and rig the voting machines.
b) Millions of illiterate Indians believe that the exploiters can bring about a change.
c) The provisions of the Indian constitution allow only the exploiters to win the electorate.
d) Millions of people are deceived, coaxed, and threatened into electing the exploiters.
e) The exploiters get an overwhelming amount of opportunities to indulge in corruption.
Question 6: Why does the author call universal suffrage one of the most obvious defects of democracy?
a) The author believes that no one should be allowed to vote since democracy is a flawed system.
b) The author believes that not everyone should be granted their right to vote.
c) The author believes that only people of power should be allowed to vote.
d) The author believes that universal suffrage should be extended to children too.
e) The author believes that universal suffrage reduces the value of the vote of knowledgable people.
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Question 7: Which of the following is the reason why millions of Indians are deprived of minimum requirements?
a) The Indian constitution was created by three groups of exploiters.
b) Millions of Indians are illiterate and believe in superstitions.
c) Opportunists are elected to power due to the naivety and vulnerability of the people.
d) People turn a blind eye towards the rampant corruption that is prevalent.
e) Illiterate masses are provided with universal suffrage.
Question 8: What does the author intend to convey through the first paragraph of the passage?
a) People are not deceived in countries where political democracy is not in vogue.
b) Political democracy promotes economic inequality by providing people with voting rights.
c) All the ills that plague the world today are a direct result of political democracy.
d) Political democracy is not a flawless system as it is touted to be.
e) Economic disparity is one of the cornerstones of political democracy.
Instructions
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain parts are given in bold to answer some of the questions based on the passage.
According to Nietzsche, history should never be pursued for the sake of just collecting more knowledge about the past. This means that history is something more to us; something that we can carry every day in our lives; something that others cannot take from within us. It is something that we can hold on to.
Nietzsche has been quoted to say “However far and fast he runs, the chain runs with him“. We can’t escape our memory, we can’t escape our history and we can’t wear it down. That would be the nature of history for me. It is a part of every human being. It is a matter of concern that is distinguished from a living being; something that makes a strong appeal to the individual. This indicates, personally, that the nature of history is a means to have or be capable of having within and naturally being within us.
Let’s take odour as an example. Odour is a characteristic or a predominant quality, a peculiar and essential character that every person has. The natural odour of every person is the smell that he bears or within one always. Meaning, that odour cannot be worn by anyone else. It is essentially in every human being. The same as with the nature of history, history is essential part of human lives, individually.
When we say pattern of history, we are implying that there is one. When we say pattern, by all means, it is a form or model proposed for imitation, something designed or used as a model for making things, or a discernible coherent system. Our world is a state of things in which chances are supreme. We are living, ever since, in an unorganized world with our hopes, choices and dreams. A world that is a matter of chances that there can be no such thing as a perfect example or model as a whole that to be compared with regarding to the pattern of history. We are living in a confused unorganized state in a distinct form of the world since the beginning. That would be considered our evidence of knowing that we are living in an imperfect world. That by far, no complete peace, freedom and happiness has ever been achieved. A proof of not having the capability of having the quality of holding our lives, cohering a coherent plan for action to have a such organized world to set up an administrative structure for human lives. Therefore, there can be no pattern to history that we are capable of constructing for history or for the world. Our world is marked by gradual changes and a matter of choice. Your body, your emotions, the people around you and world- everything is changing. There are no patterns, no formulas but a constant change. A change that will for sure eventually lead us to an end. An end to our sorrows, needs, aspirations and all. And that is how we need change, a change to improve our life. We are in a process of change, a continuing natural activity or function that will lead us toward a particular result. That would be the only thing that we can be of certain about. We are in a series of action and operation conducting to an end.
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Question 9: Given below is a sentence from the passage that may or may not be grammatically viable, choose the most suitable alternative that reflects the grammatically correct sentence. If the highlighted sentence does not require any corrections, choose option (e), i.e. “no correction required” as your answer choice.
The same as with the nature of history, history is essential part of human lives, individually.
a) The same as with the nature of history, history is essentially part of human lives, individual.
b) The same as against the nature of history, history is essential part of human lives, individually.
c) The same as with the nature of history, history is essentially part of human lives, individually.
d) The same as with the nature of history, history is essential part of human lives, individual.
e) No correction required
Question 10: Which of the following is true as per the passage?
a) The odour of each human being is unique.
b) The pattern of history can be constructed.
c) The world is imperfect.
d) Both A and C.
e) Both A and B.
Question 11: Which of the following supports the statement – “Our world is marked by gradual changes and a matter of choice.”?
a) Change is adored by humans, but resisted by nature.
b) Change is what everyone runs after.
c) Change is the only constant in the world.
d) Change will eventually lead us to end.
e) None of the above.
Question 12: What can be inferred from this statement – “Our world is a state of things in which chances are supreme.”
a) We are living in a world where plans do not work out.
b) We are living in a world where luck is the most powerful.
c) We are living in a world full of evils.
d) We are living in a world full of uncertainties.
e) All of the above
Question 13: Which of the following is similar in meaning to ‘predominant’?
a) preposterous
b) predatory
c) primary
d) preliminary
e) pristine
Question 14: The author has taken the example of ‘odour’ to suggest that
a) Everyone has their own history.
b) History is the most substantial element in one’s life.
c) The others can not understand One’s history.
d) Both A and C
e) None of the above
Question 15: “However far and fast he runs, the chain runs with him”. What can be inferred from this line?
a) History is very fast and we cannot win the race against it.
b) We can neither get away with nor overcome history.
c) All of us have a shared history bounded in a chain.
d) Our history is full of gloom and distress.
e) None of the above
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Question 16: Why should history not be pursued for the sake of just collecting more knowledge about the past?
a) History is not what it seems to us.
b) History is not something which we can remember.
c) History has the potential to have an impact on our lives.
d) Both A and C
e) None of the above
Instructions
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain parts are given in bold to answer some of the questions based on the passage.
If you saw a book in Barnes and Noble called “How Not to Go to War,” wouldn’t you assume it was a guide to the proper equipment every good warrior should have when they head off to do a little killing, or perhaps something like this U.S. news article on “How Not to Go to War Against ISIS” which is all about what law you should pretend authorizes a violation of the UN Charter and the Kellogg-Briand Pact?
In fact, the new book, How Not to Go to War by Vijay Mehta, comes to us from Britain where the author is a leading peace activist, and it is actually a set of recommendations for how to not go to war at all ever. While many books spend their larger first section on a problem and a shorter concluding part on solutions, the first two-thirds of Mehta’s book is about solutions, the last third about the problem of war. If this confuses you, or if you’re unaware that war is a problem, you can always read the book in reverse order. Even if you are aware of war as a problem, you still may benefit from Mehta’s description of how technology, including artificial intelligence, is creating horrific new possibilities for wars worse than we’ve seen or even imagined.
Then I recommend that the reader jumps to Chapter Five, toward the end of the book’s first part, because it presents a solution for how we might think and speak better about economics and government spending, a solution that simultaneously illuminates what is wrong with our current way of thinking.
Imagine there’s a billionaire who “earns” a lot of money each year and spends a lot. Now, imagine that this billionaire hires a super-expert accountant who figures out a way to add to the positive side of the ledger whatever amount the billionaire spends on fences and alarm systems and guard dogs and bullet-proof SUVs and private guards with tasers and handguns. This billionaire brings in $100 million and spends $150 million, but $25 million is on “security” expenses, so that moves over to the income side of things. Not he’s bringing in $125 million and spending $125 million. Make sense?
Of course, it doesn’t make sense! You can’t get paid $100 million, spend $100 million on guns, and now have $200 million. You haven’t doubled your money; you’re broke, buddy. But this is exactly how an economist calculates a nation’s gross (and I mean gross) domestic product (GDP). Mehta proposes a change, namely that weapons-making, war industries, not be counted in GDP.
This would reduce the U.S. GDP from some $19 trillion to $17 trillion, and help visitors from Europe understand why the place looks so much poorer than the high priests of economics tell us it is. It might even help politician from Washington D.C. understands why voters they believe to be doing so well are so amazingly angry and outraged.
Question 17: It might even help politician from Washington D.C. understands why voters they believe to be doing so well are so amazingly angry and outraged. This sentence may not be grammatically sound, choose the grammatically correct option.
a) It could even help politician from Washington D.C. understands why voters they believe to be doing so well are so amazingly angry and outraged.
b) It may even help politician from Washington D.C. understands why voters they believe to be doing so well are so amazingly angry and outraged.
c) It would even help politician from Washington D.C. understands why voters they believe to be doing so well are so amazingly angry and outraged.
d) It should even help politician from Washington D.C. understands why voters they believe to be doing so well are so amazingly angry and outraged.
e) None of these.
Question 18: What is (are) the steps mentioned in the passage to prevent war?
a) It tells us what law we should pretend authorizes a violation of the UN Charter and the Kellogg-Briand Pact.
b) It provides a guide to the proper equipment every good warrior should have when they head off to do a little killing
c) Neither A or B
d) Both A and B
e) Steps mentioned regarding sustaining a democracy.
Question 19: What is the change in GDP calculation that Mehta proposes?
a) To re-check after GDP has been calculated.
b) To include only final goods and services in GDP calculation.
c) To omit the work done by housewives in GDP calculation
d) That weapons-making, war industries, not be counted in GDP.
e) None of the above
Question 20: Why is America so much poorer than the high priests of economics tell us?
a) War industries are counted in GDP.
b) Imaginary goods are counted in GDP.
c) Economists lie at the behest of the president.
d) Both A and B
e) Options A, B and C
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Answers & Solutions:
1) Answer (B)
‘A small percentage of people’ is a singular subject. Therefore, ‘participates’ should have been used instead of ‘participate’ and hence, option B is the right answer.
2) Answer (A)
By the term ‘election expenditure’, the author is referring to the amount of money that the candidate can afford to spend. Just after mentioning the line, the author explains how money plays a crucial role in many elections. Therefore, the budget of the election does not influence the chances of a candidate and hence, option A is the right answer.
3) Answer (D)
The author does not use the line to emphasize that people below the age limit should be allowed to vote. He tries to highlight the fact that having age as the criterion to filter out voters is absurd. Therefore, the author wants to put a stricter mechanism in place that allows only people who can rationally select their choices to vote. The main argument of the author is not to lower the age bar, but to institute a better mechanism to decide who gets to exercise their vote. Therefore, option D is the right answer.
4) Answer (A)
Option E is out of the scope of the passage and so is option D. The author is likely to agree with option B (political democracy is not the best form of government) going by his tone in the first paragraph. The author mildly advocates option C in the last paragraph (He condemns murderers making it to power). Option A states that only literate people should be allowed to vote. The author only mentions that rational people should be allowed to vote. We cannot equate the two and hence, option A is the right answer.
5) Answer (D)
The author mentions that the exploiters make false promises, intimidate and abuse people to get elected to power. They are not voted to power just because people believe in them. The author mentions that the process is rigged, not the voting machines. Therefore, people are coaxed and bullied into voting for the exploiters and hence, option D is the right answer.
6) Answer (B)
The author laments the fact that age is made the criterion to decide who is eligible to vote. The author mentions that a rational kid might do a better job than an uninterested adult in using the vote. Therefore, the author believes that not everyone above a particular age should be allowed to vote and hence, option B is the right answer.
7) Answer (C)
The question asks for the reason millions of Indians are deprived of their basic necessities. People are deprived of necessities due to the fact that exploiters are elected to power. It has been mentioned in the passage that exploiters deceive and abuse people to win the electorate and hence, option C is the right answer.
8) Answer (D)
The author starts the passage by highlighting the pitfalls of political democracy. The author states that people in countries in which political democracy is prevalent are deceived into believing that it is the best system available. Therefore, the author tries to establish that political democracy is not the perfect system that it is projected to be through the first paragraph of the passage and hence, option D is the right answer.
9) Answer (C)
The author is not implying that history is an essential part of human lives. She is conveying that history is a part of our lives and this fact is true. So, the correct word should be ‘essentially’.
Hence, option C is the correct answer.
10) Answer (D)
The pattern of history cannot be constructed as mentioned in the last paragraph. Options A and C are true as per the passage.
Hence, option D is the correct answer.
11) Answer (C)
The author states that our world is marked by gradual changes. So, change is the only constant supports the given statement. Change is the only constant means that everything changes in the world.
Hence, option C is the correct answer.
12) Answer (D)
By saying that chances are supreme in our world, the author is implying that most of the events in our world are not fixed. The world is unorganised. So, the author is suggesting that the world is full of uncertainties.
Hence, option D is the correct answer.
13) Answer (C)
‘Predominant’ means present as the strongest or main element. Thus, ‘primary’ can be a synonym of ‘predominant’.
Hence, option C is the correct answer.
14) Answer (A)
The author has used the example of ‘odour’ to suggest that like ‘odour’ which is peculiar and unique to everyone, history is also different for everyone. Thus, everyone has their own history.
Hence, option A is the correct answer.
15) Answer (B)
It has been mentioned in the passage that we can neither escape our history nor wear it down.
Hence, option B is the correct answer.
16) Answer (C)
In the first paragraph, the author has mentioned that history is something more to us. It is something which we can hold on to. It is something we can carry every day in our lives. So, the author is implying that history has the potential to have an impact on our lives.
Hence, option C is the correct answer.
17) Answer (E)
“It might even help politicians from Washington D.C. understand why voters they believe to be doing so well are so amazingly angry and outraged.” Is the correct sentence. If we are talking of a single politician the article before it is missing. None of the options corrects this error so the answer is Option E.
18) Answer (C)
The passage does not mention any steps to prevent war, it speaks of a book that does. So, Option C is correct.
19) Answer (D)
Read the following lines “Mehta proposes a change, namely that weapons-making, war industries, not be counted in GDP.” So Option D is correct.
20) Answer (A)
Read the following lines “that weapons-making, war industries, not be counted in GDP.
This would reduce the U.S. GDP from some $19 trillion to $17 trillion, and help visitors from Europe understand why the place looks so much poorer than the high priests of economics tell us it is.” From this, it is evident that it is due to our incorrect GDP calculation. So Option A is correct.
