Profit and Loss Questions and Answers for Bank Exams PDF:

Profit and Loss Questions And Answers for Banking exams of IBPS, SBI PO & Clerk, RBI with solutions. Practice questions on profit and loss based on previous papers for bank exams.

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Question 1: If an article is sold at Rs. 304.5, the shopkeeper incurs a loss of 13%. What should be his selling price to gain a profit of 13%?

a) Rs. 395.5
b) Rs. 387.5
c) Rs. 399
d) Rs. 391.5
e) Rs. 401

Question 2: Mukesh buys a pen at a certain price. He marks up the price of the pen by 30 percent. He then starts offering a discount of 20 percent. If Mukesh makes a profit of 16 rupees in the transaction then find the price at which he bought the pen.

a) 500
b) 600
c) 400
d) 800
e) 1000

Question 3: A shopkeeper buys some pins at 5 pins a rupee. How should he sell the pins if he wants to realize a profit of 50% ?

a) 20 pins for 5 rupees
b) 8 pins for 2 rupees
c) 12 pins for 4 rupees
d) 30 pins for 5 rupees
e) 10 pins for 3 rupees

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Question 4: Mukesh buys a pen at a certain price. He marks up the price of the pen by 30 percent. He then starts offering a discount of 20 percent. If Mukesh makes a profit of 16 rupees in the transaction then find the price at which he bought the pen.

a) 500
b) 600
c) 400
d) 800
e) 1000

Question 5: A shopkeeper buys a dozen fruits for Rs. 3. At what price must he sell the fruits if he wants to realize a profit of 20 %?

a) 9 fruits for 30 rupees
b) 6 fruits for 15 rupees
c) 10 fruits for 6 rupees.
d) 90 fruits for 30 rupees
e) 50 fruits for 15 rupees

Question 6: A shopkeeper buys pencils at the prize of Rs. 150 a dozen. Then, he marks up the price of each pencil by 20%. If he offers 2 consecutive discounts of 10%, what is his overall profit/loss percentage?

a) 1.25% profit
b) 1.2% profit
c) 1.4% profit
d) 1.4% loss
e) 2.8% loss

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Question 7: A shopkeeper marks up the price of an article by x%. Then, he offers a discount of (x/2)%.If he ends up with a loss of 48%, then the value of x is

a) 120
b) 80
c) 140
d) 160
e) 60

Question 8: Gugan sold a computer to Raj by marking the price up by 20%. Raj then sold the computer to Hari at a profit of 30%. Hari sold the computer to Balu at a profit of 50%. If Balu bought the computer by paying Rs. 1560 more than the price at which Hari bought the computer, what is the actual cost price of the computer?

a) Rs.1000
b) Rs.2000
c) Rs.3000
d) Rs.4000
e) Rs.5200

Question 9: A retailer bought 5 dozen notebooks. He got these notebooks at 30% less than printed price. To clear his stock soon he offered 1 notebook free on buying 4 notebooks. If the retailer sold all notebooks on printed price, what’s is retailer’s profit percentage in this transaction?

a) 28.57%
b) 21.35%
c) 12.48%
d) 42.89%
e) 14.28%

Question 10: To meet the demand during summer, a milkman mixed water with pure milk in 2:5. Then he sold the same mixture at 20% more than normal price. By what percent his revenue will increase during summers? (Water is available without any cost)

a) 60 percent
b) 50 percent
c) 40 percent
d) 68 percent
e) 63 percent

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Answers & Solutions:

1) Answer (A)

Let cost price be ‘cp’, and the two selling prices be ‘sp1’ and ‘sp2’ respectively.
Loss% = (cost price – selling price) *100/ (cost price)
0.13*cp = cp – sp1
sp1 = 0.87*cp
cp = 304.5 / 0.87 = 350
Profit% = ( – cost price + selling price) *100/ (cost price)
0.13 *350 = sp2 – 350
sp2 = Rs. 395.5
Hence, option A is the right choice.

2) Answer (C)

Let the price at which he bought the pen be 100x.
He marks it at 130x and then sells it at 130x*.8 = 104x
Thus, he makes a profit of 4x.
We know that 4x = 16
=> x = 4
Hence, he bought the pen for 400.

3) Answer (E)

It has been given that the shopkeeper buys 5 pins a rupee.
Therefore, cost of a pin = 1/5 = 20 paise.

After marking up by 50%, the price of the pin will be 30 paise per pin.

20 pins for 5 rupees = 25 paise per pin
8 pins for 2 rupees = 25 paise per pin
12 pins for 4 rupees is 33.33 paise per pin
30 pins for 5 rupees is 60 paise per pin
10 pins for 3 rupees in 30 paise per pin

Therefore, option E is the right answer.

4) Answer (C)

Let the price at which he bought the pen be 100x.
He marks it at 130x and then sells it at 130x*.8 = 104x
Thus, he makes a profit of 4x.
We know that 4x = 16
=> x = 4
Hence, he bought the pen for 400.

5) Answer (E)

Cost price of a fruit = 3/12 = Rs. 0.25
Selling price = 1.2*0.25 = Rs.0.3

Let us check the options one by one.

9 fruits/ 30 rupees => Cost of 1 fruit = 30/9 = Rs.3.33
6 fruits/15 rupees => Cost of 1 fruit = 15/6 = Rs. 2.5
10 fruits/ 6 rupees => Cost of 1 fruit = 6/10 = Rs. 0.6
90 fruits/30 rupees => Cost of 1 fruit = 30/90 = Rs. 0.33
50 fruits/ 15 rupees => Cost of 1 fruit = 15/50 = Rs. 0.3

Therefore, option E is the right answer.

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6) Answer (E)

Cost of a pencil = Rs. 150/12 = Rs.12.5
Marked price = 1.2*12.5 = Rs. 15
The shopkeeper offers 2 consecutive discounts of 10%.
Therefore, the selling price of the pencil will be 0.9*0.9*15 = Rs. 12.15

Profit/loss percentage of the shopkeeper = (12.15 – 12.5)/12.5 = 2.8% loss.
Therefore, option E is the right answer.

7) Answer (D)

Let the price of the article be $P$.
Let us consider $x$ in decimal form for the ease of calculation.
$(1+x)(1-x/2)P = 0.52P$
$(1+x)(2-x) = 1.04$
$2-x+2x -x^2 = 1.04$
$-x^2+x = -0.96$
$x^2-x-0.96 = 0$
$x = 1.6$ or $x = -0.6$
We can ignore the negative root since it has been given that the shopkeeper marks up the price of the product.

=> $x = 160$% and hence, option D is the right answer.

8) Answer (B)

Let the worth of the computer to be Rs. x.
Let the price at which Raj bought the computer be 1.2x.
Price at which Hari bought = 1.3*1.2x = 1.56x
Price at which Balu bought = 1.5*1.56x = 2.34x
Difference between the prices at which Balu and Hari bought = 2.34x – 1.56x = 0.78x
It has been given that 0.78x = 1560
x = Rs. 2000.
Therefore, option B is the right answer.

9) Answer (E)

Number of notebooks that retailer bought = 5 * 12 = 60
Let us assume that printed price on each notebook = 100
The retailer bought these notebooks at 30% less = 70 Rupees/notebook
Sum invested by the retailer = 60*70 = 4200
By selling 60 notebooks he will get money for = $\frac{4}{5}*60$ = 48 notebooks
Money collected by the retailer by selling these notebooks = 48*100 = 4800
Hence, retailer’s profit percentage = $\frac{4800-4200}{4200}*100$ = 14.28%

10) Answer (D)

Let us assume that on a normal day he sells milk at x rupee per litre and he sells y litre of milk
So revenue generated on normal day = x*y = xy

He mixed water with milk in ratio of 2:5 so net quantity = $\frac{2+5}{5} * y$ = 1.4y
New selling price during summer = 1.2x rupees per litre

So revenue generated in summers = 1.4y * 1.2x = 1.68xy
Hence we can say that revenue will go up by 68 percent.

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